Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression
Background: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (hypoD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression has not been documented. In addition, the risk factors are unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for hypoD in patients with T2DM who also have de...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Interna Publishing
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Acta Medica Indonesiana |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2417 |
| _version_ | 1827891476313407488 |
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| author | Rudi Putranto Siti Setiati Martina W Nasrun Fiastuti Witjaksono Suzanna Immanuel Imam Subekti Kuntjoro Harimurti Agus Siswanto Hamzah Shatri Suhendro Suwarto |
| author_facet | Rudi Putranto Siti Setiati Martina W Nasrun Fiastuti Witjaksono Suzanna Immanuel Imam Subekti Kuntjoro Harimurti Agus Siswanto Hamzah Shatri Suhendro Suwarto |
| author_sort | Rudi Putranto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (hypoD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression has not been documented. In addition, the risk factors are unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for hypoD in patients with T2DM who also have depression. Methods: 118 patients with T2DM who visited the outpatient endocrinology clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital between December 2019-September 2022 provided the clinical and demographic data for this cross- sectional study, including body mass index, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles, therapy, gender, age, marital status, and educational background. We used The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II) to evaluate depression. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to assess the dependent variable: serum vitamin D. We characterized serum vitamin D levels into three groups (normal, 30 ng/mL; insufficient, 20-29 ng/mL; deficient, 20 ng/mL). We also used analyses of variance to examine the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical factors between the three groups. Results: 118 subjects with T2DM. Their median age was 56 years old (48, 75-60 years old), with a BDI II score of 17 (15-19), and a serum concentration of vitamin D. The D level was 18.3 ng/mL (9.17–29.46 ng/mL). Only 21.8% of patients with T2DM and depression had sufficient levels of vitamin D. We used multivariable analysis of variance model to examine the associations between age, BDI II score, HbA1c, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure with vitamin D level. Age and BDI II score both had a statistically significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study discovered that patients with T2DM and depression had a high prevalence (77.7%) of hypoD. Age and BDI II score both affected differences in vitamin D levels with statistical significance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:26:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a09827a4e6043f6ba2bb5e75d15caf8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0125-9326 2338-2732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:26:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Interna Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Medica Indonesiana |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a09827a4e6043f6ba2bb5e75d15caf82023-07-28T06:44:34ZengInterna PublishingActa Medica Indonesiana0125-93262338-27322023-04-01552583Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with DepressionRudi Putranto0Siti Setiati1Martina W Nasrun2Fiastuti Witjaksono3Suzanna Immanuel4Imam Subekti5Kuntjoro Harimurti6Agus Siswanto7Hamzah Shatri8Suhendro Suwarto9Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada – Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaBackground: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (hypoD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression has not been documented. In addition, the risk factors are unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for hypoD in patients with T2DM who also have depression. Methods: 118 patients with T2DM who visited the outpatient endocrinology clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital between December 2019-September 2022 provided the clinical and demographic data for this cross- sectional study, including body mass index, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles, therapy, gender, age, marital status, and educational background. We used The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II) to evaluate depression. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to assess the dependent variable: serum vitamin D. We characterized serum vitamin D levels into three groups (normal, 30 ng/mL; insufficient, 20-29 ng/mL; deficient, 20 ng/mL). We also used analyses of variance to examine the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical factors between the three groups. Results: 118 subjects with T2DM. Their median age was 56 years old (48, 75-60 years old), with a BDI II score of 17 (15-19), and a serum concentration of vitamin D. The D level was 18.3 ng/mL (9.17–29.46 ng/mL). Only 21.8% of patients with T2DM and depression had sufficient levels of vitamin D. We used multivariable analysis of variance model to examine the associations between age, BDI II score, HbA1c, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure with vitamin D level. Age and BDI II score both had a statistically significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study discovered that patients with T2DM and depression had a high prevalence (77.7%) of hypoD. Age and BDI II score both affected differences in vitamin D levels with statistical significance.https://actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2417hypovitaminosistype 2 diabetes mellitusdepression |
| spellingShingle | Rudi Putranto Siti Setiati Martina W Nasrun Fiastuti Witjaksono Suzanna Immanuel Imam Subekti Kuntjoro Harimurti Agus Siswanto Hamzah Shatri Suhendro Suwarto Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression Acta Medica Indonesiana hypovitaminosis type 2 diabetes mellitus depression |
| title | Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression |
| title_full | Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression |
| title_short | Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression |
| title_sort | prevalence and factors related to hypovitaminosis d in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with depression |
| topic | hypovitaminosis type 2 diabetes mellitus depression |
| url | https://actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2417 |
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