Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly infects humans and animals which make coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a grievous epidemic worldwide which broke out in 2020. According to data analysis of the other coronavirus family, for instance severe acute respiratory...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.989664/full |
| _version_ | 1828147937524318208 |
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| author | Zhi-Mei Liu Ming-Hui Yang Kun Yu Zheng-Xing Lian Shou-Long Deng |
| author_facet | Zhi-Mei Liu Ming-Hui Yang Kun Yu Zheng-Xing Lian Shou-Long Deng |
| author_sort | Zhi-Mei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly infects humans and animals which make coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a grievous epidemic worldwide which broke out in 2020. According to data analysis of the other coronavirus family, for instance severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), can provide experience for the mutation of SARS-CoV-2 and the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as a pattern recognition receptor (PRRs), have an indispensable function in identifying the invader even activate the innate immune system. It is possible for organism to activate different TLR pathways which leads to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 1 (IL-1), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and type Ⅰ interferon. As a component of non-specific immunity, TLRs pathway may participate in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, due to previous works have proved that TLRs are involved in the invasion and infection of SARS-CoV and MERS to varying degrees. Different TLR, such as TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 probably have a double-sided in COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is of great significance for a correctly acknowledging how TLR take part in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, which will be the development of treatment and prevention strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:08:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a1176d7bb6543f5843a406b44e78b63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:08:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a1176d7bb6543f5843a406b44e78b632022-12-22T04:03:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-09-011310.3389/fphar.2022.989664989664Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatmentsZhi-Mei Liu0Ming-Hui Yang1Kun Yu2Zheng-Xing Lian3Shou-Long Deng4Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly infects humans and animals which make coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a grievous epidemic worldwide which broke out in 2020. According to data analysis of the other coronavirus family, for instance severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), can provide experience for the mutation of SARS-CoV-2 and the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as a pattern recognition receptor (PRRs), have an indispensable function in identifying the invader even activate the innate immune system. It is possible for organism to activate different TLR pathways which leads to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 1 (IL-1), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and type Ⅰ interferon. As a component of non-specific immunity, TLRs pathway may participate in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, due to previous works have proved that TLRs are involved in the invasion and infection of SARS-CoV and MERS to varying degrees. Different TLR, such as TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 probably have a double-sided in COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is of great significance for a correctly acknowledging how TLR take part in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, which will be the development of treatment and prevention strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.989664/fullSARS-CoV-2TLRs agonistsTLRs antagonistsCOVID-19 infectioninnate immunity |
| spellingShingle | Zhi-Mei Liu Ming-Hui Yang Kun Yu Zheng-Xing Lian Shou-Long Deng Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments Frontiers in Pharmacology SARS-CoV-2 TLRs agonists TLRs antagonists COVID-19 infection innate immunity |
| title | Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments |
| title_full | Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments |
| title_fullStr | Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments |
| title_short | Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments |
| title_sort | toll like receptor tlrs agonists and antagonists for covid 19 treatments |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 TLRs agonists TLRs antagonists COVID-19 infection innate immunity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.989664/full |
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