Mineralogical and Grain Size Analysis of Bai Hassan Formation Terraces in Al-Teeb Area, SE Iraq
Bai Hassan Formation is exposed as remnants of beds from previous formations due to severe erosion that were removed. Results from grain size analysis revealed that most of the studied sediments were coarse-grained sediments ranging from coarse sand to gravel. The study shows that the sedim...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Union of Iraqi Geologists (UIG)
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Iraqi Geological Journal |
| Online Access: | https://igj-iraq.org/igj/index.php/igj/article/view/1819 |
| Summary: | Bai Hassan Formation is exposed as remnants of beds from previous formations due to severe erosion that were removed. Results from grain size analysis revealed that most of the studied sediments were coarse-grained sediments ranging from coarse sand to gravel. The study shows that the sediments are poorly sorted. The values of skewed coefficients ranged from fine to strongly skewed, and the negative values indicate the occurrence of hard changes in the environment. Meanwhile, the kurtosis values for the studied sediment indicate that the differences in these values are due to changes in the flow and sediment sorted in a relatively high energy environment. Light minerals like quartz, and feldspars, and rock fragments are identified. Heavy minerals such as chlorite, amphibole, pyroxene, mica, epidote, zircon, garnet, tourmaline, rutile, kyanite, and staurolite can provide information about the geological processes and environments that occurred in a particular area. These minerals can be indicative of specific rock types, metamorphic or igneous formations, that are derived from high Zagros mountains. The collision between the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate resulted in the formation of the Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt, leading to the uplift and deformation of the Zagros Mountains. The Bai Hassan Formation in Iraq originated during the Miocene epoch from fluvial and alluvial fan environments. Sediments carried by rivers and streams from the elevated mountains in Iraq and Iran were deposited, forming conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones that reflect various depositional settings such as braided river channels and floodplains indicating a rapidly sinking basin with freshwater and lacustrine environments. |
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| ISSN: | 2414-6064 2663-8754 |