Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array
We demonstrate two-dimensional beam steering through wavelength control using a one-dimensional optical phased array (OPA) in which a path difference is built up in each channel to allocate a phase delay sequentially. Prior to the beam steering through wavelength tuning, phase initialization was per...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/11/812 |
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| author | Hyeonho Yoon Hyun-Woo Rhee Nam-Hyun Kwon Jae-Yong Kim Junhyeong Kim Jinhyeong Yoon Hyo-Hoon Park |
| author_facet | Hyeonho Yoon Hyun-Woo Rhee Nam-Hyun Kwon Jae-Yong Kim Junhyeong Kim Jinhyeong Yoon Hyo-Hoon Park |
| author_sort | Hyeonho Yoon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We demonstrate two-dimensional beam steering through wavelength control using a one-dimensional optical phased array (OPA) in which a path difference is built up in each channel to allocate a phase delay sequentially. Prior to the beam steering through wavelength tuning, phase initialization was performed to form a single beam using electro-optic <i>p-</i><i>i</i><i>-n</i> phase shifters to compensate for the phase error due to fabrication imperfections. With a 79.6 μm path difference in the phase-feeding lines and a 2 μm pitch in the grating radiators, we achieved a continuous transversal steering of about 46° through a wavelength tuning of about 7 nm. By extending the wavelength tuning range to 90 nm, longitudinal steering was attained near 13° with a discrete interval of about 1°. The beam was maintained during full two-dimensional steering and experienced only a small degree of degradation in the beam divergences and in the side lobe level. We analyzed the parameters to be able to induce the degradation of beam quality considering the fabrication errors of the geometric parameters of the OPA. The results indicated that the scanning scheme employing wavelength tuning after initialization with phase shifters can greatly reduce the realignment process of the beam pattern, even in the presence of some effective index perturbation during the fabrication. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:43:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a193b19d7844417a4afdc5834acd36d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:43:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a193b19d7844417a4afdc5834acd36d2023-11-24T06:22:42ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322022-10-0191181210.3390/photonics9110812Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased ArrayHyeonho Yoon0Hyun-Woo Rhee1Nam-Hyun Kwon2Jae-Yong Kim3Junhyeong Kim4Jinhyeong Yoon5Hyo-Hoon Park6Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, KoreaWe demonstrate two-dimensional beam steering through wavelength control using a one-dimensional optical phased array (OPA) in which a path difference is built up in each channel to allocate a phase delay sequentially. Prior to the beam steering through wavelength tuning, phase initialization was performed to form a single beam using electro-optic <i>p-</i><i>i</i><i>-n</i> phase shifters to compensate for the phase error due to fabrication imperfections. With a 79.6 μm path difference in the phase-feeding lines and a 2 μm pitch in the grating radiators, we achieved a continuous transversal steering of about 46° through a wavelength tuning of about 7 nm. By extending the wavelength tuning range to 90 nm, longitudinal steering was attained near 13° with a discrete interval of about 1°. The beam was maintained during full two-dimensional steering and experienced only a small degree of degradation in the beam divergences and in the side lobe level. We analyzed the parameters to be able to induce the degradation of beam quality considering the fabrication errors of the geometric parameters of the OPA. The results indicated that the scanning scheme employing wavelength tuning after initialization with phase shifters can greatly reduce the realignment process of the beam pattern, even in the presence of some effective index perturbation during the fabrication.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/11/812optical phased arraysilicon photonicswavelength tuningbeam steering |
| spellingShingle | Hyeonho Yoon Hyun-Woo Rhee Nam-Hyun Kwon Jae-Yong Kim Junhyeong Kim Jinhyeong Yoon Hyo-Hoon Park Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array Photonics optical phased array silicon photonics wavelength tuning beam steering |
| title | Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array |
| title_full | Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array |
| title_fullStr | Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array |
| title_full_unstemmed | Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array |
| title_short | Demonstration of Two-Dimensional Beam Steering through Wavelength Tuning with One-Dimensional Silicon Optical Phased Array |
| title_sort | demonstration of two dimensional beam steering through wavelength tuning with one dimensional silicon optical phased array |
| topic | optical phased array silicon photonics wavelength tuning beam steering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/11/812 |
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