The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada
Despite significant progress in medical research and public health efforts, gaps in knowledge of women’s heart health remain across epidemiology, presentation, management, outcomes, education, research, and publications. Historically, heart disease was viewed primarily as a condition in men and male...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-02-01
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| Series: | CJC Open |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589790X23003347 |
| _version_ | 1827324703826509824 |
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| author | Marie-Annick Clavel, DVM, PhD Harriette G.C. Van Spall, MD, MPH Laura E. Mantella, MD, PhD Heather Foulds, PhD, MSc, CEP Varinder Randhawa, MD, PhD Monica Parry, MEd, MSc, PhD, NP-Adult, CCN Kiera Liblik, MSc Amy A. Kirkham, PhD Lisa Cotie, PhD Shahin Jaffer, MD, MHSc Jill Bruneau, PhD, NP, CC(N)C Tracey J.F. Colella, RN, PhD Sofia Ahmed, MD, MMSc Abida Dhukai, NP, PhD Zoya Gomes, MSc Najah Adreak, MD, MSc Lisa Keeping-Burke, RN, PhD Jayneel Limbachia, MSc Shuangbo Liu, MD Karen E. Jacques, BA, JD Kerri A. Mullen, PhD Sharon L. Mulvagh, MD Colleen M. Norris, PhD, MSc, BScN, RN |
| author_facet | Marie-Annick Clavel, DVM, PhD Harriette G.C. Van Spall, MD, MPH Laura E. Mantella, MD, PhD Heather Foulds, PhD, MSc, CEP Varinder Randhawa, MD, PhD Monica Parry, MEd, MSc, PhD, NP-Adult, CCN Kiera Liblik, MSc Amy A. Kirkham, PhD Lisa Cotie, PhD Shahin Jaffer, MD, MHSc Jill Bruneau, PhD, NP, CC(N)C Tracey J.F. Colella, RN, PhD Sofia Ahmed, MD, MMSc Abida Dhukai, NP, PhD Zoya Gomes, MSc Najah Adreak, MD, MSc Lisa Keeping-Burke, RN, PhD Jayneel Limbachia, MSc Shuangbo Liu, MD Karen E. Jacques, BA, JD Kerri A. Mullen, PhD Sharon L. Mulvagh, MD Colleen M. Norris, PhD, MSc, BScN, RN |
| author_sort | Marie-Annick Clavel, DVM, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite significant progress in medical research and public health efforts, gaps in knowledge of women’s heart health remain across epidemiology, presentation, management, outcomes, education, research, and publications. Historically, heart disease was viewed primarily as a condition in men and male individuals, leading to limited understanding of the unique risks and symptoms that women experience. These knowledge gaps are particularly problematic because globally heart disease is the leading cause of death for women. Until recently, sex and gender have not been addressed in cardiovascular research, including in preclinical and clinical research. Recruitment was often limited to male participants and individuals identifying as men, and data analysis according to sex or gender was not conducted, leading to a lack of data on how treatments and interventions might affect female patients and individuals who identify as women differently. This lack of data has led to suboptimal treatment and limitations in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of heart disease in women, and is directly related to limited awareness and knowledge gaps in professional training and public education. Women are often unaware of their risk factors for heart disease or symptoms they might experience, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatments. Additionally, health care providers might not receive adequate training to diagnose and treat heart disease in women, leading to misdiagnosis or undertreatment. Addressing these knowledge gaps requires a multipronged approach, including education and policy change, built on evidence-based research. In this chapter we review the current state of existing cardiovascular research in Canada with a specific focus on women. Résumé: En dépit des avancées importantes de la recherche médicale et des efforts en santé publique, il reste des lacunes dans les connaissances sur la santé cardiaque des femmes sur les plans de l’épidémiologie, du tableau clinique, de la prise en charge, des résultats, de l’éducation, de la recherche et des publications. Du point de vue historique, la cardiopathie a d’abord été perçue comme une maladie qui touchait les hommes et les individus de sexe masculin. De ce fait, la compréhension des risques particuliers et des symptômes qu’éprouvent les femmes est limitée. Ces lacunes dans les connaissances posent particulièrement problème puisqu’à l’échelle mondiale la cardiopathie est la cause principale de décès chez les femmes. Jusqu’à récemment, la recherche en cardiologie, notamment la recherche préclinique et clinique, ne portait pas sur le sexe et le genre. Le recrutement souvent limité aux participants masculins et aux individus dont l’identité de genre correspond au sexe masculin et l’absence d’analyses de données en fonction du sexe ou du genre ont eu pour conséquence un manque de données sur la façon dont les traitements et les interventions nuisent aux patientes féminines et aux individus dont l’identité de genre correspond au sexe féminin, et ce, de façon différente. Cette absence de données a mené à un traitement sous-optimal et à des limites de notre compréhension des mécanismes sous-jacents de la cardiopathie chez les femmes, et est directement reliée à nos connaissances limitées, et à nos lacunes en formation professionnelle et en éducation du public. Le fait que les femmes ne connaissent souvent pas leurs facteurs de risque de maladies du cœur ou les symptômes qu’elles peuvent éprouver entraîne des retards de diagnostic et de traitements. De plus, le fait que les prestataires de soins de santé ne reçoivent pas la formation adéquate pour poser le diagnostic et traiter la cardiopathie chez les femmes les mène à poser un mauvais diagnostic ou à ne pas traiter suffisamment. Pour pallier ces lacunes de connaissances, il faut une approche à plusieurs volets, qui porte notamment sur l’éducation et les changements dans les politiques, et qui repose sur la recherche fondée sur des données probantes. Dans ce chapitre, nous passons en revue l’état actuel de la recherche existante sur les maladies cardiovasculaires au Canada, plus particulièrement chez les femmes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T13:59:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a1b77e4cffe404ca3f95de5a9c84a82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2589-790X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T13:59:54Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | CJC Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a1b77e4cffe404ca3f95de5a9c84a822024-03-07T05:29:11ZengElsevierCJC Open2589-790X2024-02-0162220257The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in CanadaMarie-Annick Clavel, DVM, PhD0Harriette G.C. Van Spall, MD, MPH1Laura E. Mantella, MD, PhD2Heather Foulds, PhD, MSc, CEP3Varinder Randhawa, MD, PhD4Monica Parry, MEd, MSc, PhD, NP-Adult, CCN5Kiera Liblik, MSc6Amy A. Kirkham, PhD7Lisa Cotie, PhD8Shahin Jaffer, MD, MHSc9Jill Bruneau, PhD, NP, CC(N)C10Tracey J.F. Colella, RN, PhD11Sofia Ahmed, MD, MMSc12Abida Dhukai, NP, PhD13Zoya Gomes, MSc14Najah Adreak, MD, MSc15Lisa Keeping-Burke, RN, PhD16Jayneel Limbachia, MSc17Shuangbo Liu, MD18Karen E. Jacques, BA, JD19Kerri A. Mullen, PhD20Sharon L. Mulvagh, MD21Colleen M. Norris, PhD, MSc, BScN, RN22Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Corresponding author: Dr Marie-Annick Clavel, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec- Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec city, Québec G1V-4G5, Canada. Tel.: +1-418-656-8711 ×2678.Department of Medicine, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaCollege of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaLawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Kingston Health Science Center, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (KITE), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaToronto Rehabilitation Institute (KITE), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaGeneral Internal Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaFaculty of Nursing, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St John, Newfoundland and Labrador, CanadaToronto Rehabilitation Institute (KITE), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaLawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaDepartment of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaDepartment of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, CanadaSchulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, CanadaSection of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaPerson with lived experience, Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaFaculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaDespite significant progress in medical research and public health efforts, gaps in knowledge of women’s heart health remain across epidemiology, presentation, management, outcomes, education, research, and publications. Historically, heart disease was viewed primarily as a condition in men and male individuals, leading to limited understanding of the unique risks and symptoms that women experience. These knowledge gaps are particularly problematic because globally heart disease is the leading cause of death for women. Until recently, sex and gender have not been addressed in cardiovascular research, including in preclinical and clinical research. Recruitment was often limited to male participants and individuals identifying as men, and data analysis according to sex or gender was not conducted, leading to a lack of data on how treatments and interventions might affect female patients and individuals who identify as women differently. This lack of data has led to suboptimal treatment and limitations in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of heart disease in women, and is directly related to limited awareness and knowledge gaps in professional training and public education. Women are often unaware of their risk factors for heart disease or symptoms they might experience, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatments. Additionally, health care providers might not receive adequate training to diagnose and treat heart disease in women, leading to misdiagnosis or undertreatment. Addressing these knowledge gaps requires a multipronged approach, including education and policy change, built on evidence-based research. In this chapter we review the current state of existing cardiovascular research in Canada with a specific focus on women. Résumé: En dépit des avancées importantes de la recherche médicale et des efforts en santé publique, il reste des lacunes dans les connaissances sur la santé cardiaque des femmes sur les plans de l’épidémiologie, du tableau clinique, de la prise en charge, des résultats, de l’éducation, de la recherche et des publications. Du point de vue historique, la cardiopathie a d’abord été perçue comme une maladie qui touchait les hommes et les individus de sexe masculin. De ce fait, la compréhension des risques particuliers et des symptômes qu’éprouvent les femmes est limitée. Ces lacunes dans les connaissances posent particulièrement problème puisqu’à l’échelle mondiale la cardiopathie est la cause principale de décès chez les femmes. Jusqu’à récemment, la recherche en cardiologie, notamment la recherche préclinique et clinique, ne portait pas sur le sexe et le genre. Le recrutement souvent limité aux participants masculins et aux individus dont l’identité de genre correspond au sexe masculin et l’absence d’analyses de données en fonction du sexe ou du genre ont eu pour conséquence un manque de données sur la façon dont les traitements et les interventions nuisent aux patientes féminines et aux individus dont l’identité de genre correspond au sexe féminin, et ce, de façon différente. Cette absence de données a mené à un traitement sous-optimal et à des limites de notre compréhension des mécanismes sous-jacents de la cardiopathie chez les femmes, et est directement reliée à nos connaissances limitées, et à nos lacunes en formation professionnelle et en éducation du public. Le fait que les femmes ne connaissent souvent pas leurs facteurs de risque de maladies du cœur ou les symptômes qu’elles peuvent éprouver entraîne des retards de diagnostic et de traitements. De plus, le fait que les prestataires de soins de santé ne reçoivent pas la formation adéquate pour poser le diagnostic et traiter la cardiopathie chez les femmes les mène à poser un mauvais diagnostic ou à ne pas traiter suffisamment. Pour pallier ces lacunes de connaissances, il faut une approche à plusieurs volets, qui porte notamment sur l’éducation et les changements dans les politiques, et qui repose sur la recherche fondée sur des données probantes. Dans ce chapitre, nous passons en revue l’état actuel de la recherche existante sur les maladies cardiovasculaires au Canada, plus particulièrement chez les femmes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589790X23003347 |
| spellingShingle | Marie-Annick Clavel, DVM, PhD Harriette G.C. Van Spall, MD, MPH Laura E. Mantella, MD, PhD Heather Foulds, PhD, MSc, CEP Varinder Randhawa, MD, PhD Monica Parry, MEd, MSc, PhD, NP-Adult, CCN Kiera Liblik, MSc Amy A. Kirkham, PhD Lisa Cotie, PhD Shahin Jaffer, MD, MHSc Jill Bruneau, PhD, NP, CC(N)C Tracey J.F. Colella, RN, PhD Sofia Ahmed, MD, MMSc Abida Dhukai, NP, PhD Zoya Gomes, MSc Najah Adreak, MD, MSc Lisa Keeping-Burke, RN, PhD Jayneel Limbachia, MSc Shuangbo Liu, MD Karen E. Jacques, BA, JD Kerri A. Mullen, PhD Sharon L. Mulvagh, MD Colleen M. Norris, PhD, MSc, BScN, RN The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada CJC Open |
| title | The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada |
| title_full | The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada |
| title_fullStr | The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada |
| title_short | The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance ATLAS on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 8: Knowledge Gaps and Status of Existing Research Programs in Canada |
| title_sort | canadian women s heart health alliance atlas on the epidemiology diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease in women chapter 8 knowledge gaps and status of existing research programs in canada |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589790X23003347 |
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