Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China
Drought is one of the major factors limiting rice yield worldwide. A total of 46 hybrid rice varieties were chosen to investigate their root distribution and their response to drought. A field experiment was carried out in a dry shed building to evaluate the drought tolerance capacity of hybrid rice...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/2/79 |
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| author | Xuechun Wang Naseem Samo Lamei Li Mengran Wang Muslim Qadir Kaifeng Jiang Jian Qin Fahd Rasul Guotao Yang Yungao Hu |
| author_facet | Xuechun Wang Naseem Samo Lamei Li Mengran Wang Muslim Qadir Kaifeng Jiang Jian Qin Fahd Rasul Guotao Yang Yungao Hu |
| author_sort | Xuechun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drought is one of the major factors limiting rice yield worldwide. A total of 46 hybrid rice varieties were chosen to investigate their root distribution and their response to drought. A field experiment was carried out in a dry shed building to evaluate the drought tolerance capacity of hybrid rice varieties on the basis of CTIRDE (complex tolerance index of rice under drought environment) values. Next, the experiment was conducted in a specially designed pot system and seed bags to analyze the root distribution and activity of antioxidant enzymes in different rice varieties. Moreover, the <i>DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1)</i> gene was sequenced to elucidate its role in the root distribution of typical rice varieties. On the basis of CTIRDE values, the 46 hybrid rice varieties were classified as tolerant (CTIRDE ≥ 0.75), semi-tolerant (0.75 > CTIRDE > 0.65), or sensitive (CTIRDE ≤ 0.65) to drought stress. The tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) displayed a significantly larger length, had higher number and weight of roots in the 30⁻50 cm soil layer, and exhibited a significantly higher activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) enzymes in roots during the drought stress period. The <i>DRO1</i> gene sequencing results revealed that the tolerant and sensitive varieties exhibited a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3-exon region, and the tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) exhibited a larger root growth angle with the horizontal axis, hence developing a deeper root system as compared with the other two group varieties. A significant correlation was found not only between the <i>DRO1</i> gene and root distribution but also between <i>DRO1</i> and the activity of SOD and POD enzymes. Conclusively, as a key feature, a deep root system enabled tolerant rice varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) to avoid drought stress by absorbing more water stored in deep soil layers. The root distribution, activity of POD and SOD enzymes in roots, and <i>DRO1</i> gene can be used to screen tolerant rice varieties that can survive better under drought stress during the seedling stage of rice growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:40:59Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3a1c25fc1d604e8e8c7b7667a46816022022-12-21T18:57:07ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952019-02-01927910.3390/agronomy9020079agronomy9020079Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of ChinaXuechun Wang0Naseem Samo1Lamei Li2Mengran Wang3Muslim Qadir4Kaifeng Jiang5Jian Qin6Fahd Rasul7Guotao Yang8Yungao Hu9College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaCollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaCollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaCollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaCollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Rice and Sorghum, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Deyang 618000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Rice and Sorghum, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Deyang 618000, ChinaAgweathernet, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, USACollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaCollege of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mian Yang 621010, ChinaDrought is one of the major factors limiting rice yield worldwide. A total of 46 hybrid rice varieties were chosen to investigate their root distribution and their response to drought. A field experiment was carried out in a dry shed building to evaluate the drought tolerance capacity of hybrid rice varieties on the basis of CTIRDE (complex tolerance index of rice under drought environment) values. Next, the experiment was conducted in a specially designed pot system and seed bags to analyze the root distribution and activity of antioxidant enzymes in different rice varieties. Moreover, the <i>DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1)</i> gene was sequenced to elucidate its role in the root distribution of typical rice varieties. On the basis of CTIRDE values, the 46 hybrid rice varieties were classified as tolerant (CTIRDE ≥ 0.75), semi-tolerant (0.75 > CTIRDE > 0.65), or sensitive (CTIRDE ≤ 0.65) to drought stress. The tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) displayed a significantly larger length, had higher number and weight of roots in the 30⁻50 cm soil layer, and exhibited a significantly higher activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) enzymes in roots during the drought stress period. The <i>DRO1</i> gene sequencing results revealed that the tolerant and sensitive varieties exhibited a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3-exon region, and the tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) exhibited a larger root growth angle with the horizontal axis, hence developing a deeper root system as compared with the other two group varieties. A significant correlation was found not only between the <i>DRO1</i> gene and root distribution but also between <i>DRO1</i> and the activity of SOD and POD enzymes. Conclusively, as a key feature, a deep root system enabled tolerant rice varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) to avoid drought stress by absorbing more water stored in deep soil layers. The root distribution, activity of POD and SOD enzymes in roots, and <i>DRO1</i> gene can be used to screen tolerant rice varieties that can survive better under drought stress during the seedling stage of rice growth.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/2/79ricedroughtCTIRDEroot distribution<i>DRO1</i> |
| spellingShingle | Xuechun Wang Naseem Samo Lamei Li Mengran Wang Muslim Qadir Kaifeng Jiang Jian Qin Fahd Rasul Guotao Yang Yungao Hu Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China Agronomy rice drought CTIRDE root distribution <i>DRO1</i> |
| title | Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China |
| title_full | Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China |
| title_fullStr | Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China |
| title_short | Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China |
| title_sort | root distribution and its impacts on the drought tolerance capacity of hybrid rice in the sichuan basin area of china |
| topic | rice drought CTIRDE root distribution <i>DRO1</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/2/79 |
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