Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil
The demand for a better agricultural productivity and the available phosphorus (P) limitation in plants are prevailing worldwide. Poor P availability due to the high pH and calcareous nature of soils leads to a lower P fertilizer use efficiency of 10–25% in Pakistan. Among different technologies, th...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3072 |
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| author | Khuram Shehzad Khan Muhammad Naveed Muhammad Farhan Qadir Muhammad Yaseen Manzer H. Siddiqui |
| author_facet | Khuram Shehzad Khan Muhammad Naveed Muhammad Farhan Qadir Muhammad Yaseen Manzer H. Siddiqui |
| author_sort | Khuram Shehzad Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The demand for a better agricultural productivity and the available phosphorus (P) limitation in plants are prevailing worldwide. Poor P availability due to the high pH and calcareous nature of soils leads to a lower P fertilizer use efficiency of 10–25% in Pakistan. Among different technologies, the use of biologically acidified amendments could be a potential strategy to promote soil P availability and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) in alkaline calcareous soils. However, this study hypothesized that an acidified amendment could lower soil pH and solubilize the insoluble soil P that plants can potentially uptake and use to improve their growth and development. For this purpose, the test plant <i>Zea mays</i> was planted in greenhouse pots with a recommended dose rate of 168 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of P for selected phosphatic fertilizers, viz., DAP (diammonium phosphate), SSP (single superphosphate), and RP (rock phosphate) with or without 2% of the acidified product and a phosphorus solubilizing <i>Bacillus</i> sp. MN54. The results showed that the integration of acidified amendments and PSB strain MN54 with P fertilizers improved P fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), growth, yield, and P uptake of <i>Zea mays</i> as compared to sole application of P fertilizers. Overall, organic material along with DAP significantly improved plant physiological-, biochemical-, and nutrition-related attributes over the sole application of DAP. Interestingly, the co-application of RP with the acidified product and MN54 showed a higher response than the sole application of DAP and SSP. However, based on our study findings, we concluded that using RP with organic amendments was a more economically and environmentally friendly approach compared to the most expensive DAP fertilizer. Taken together, the current study suggests that the use of this innovative new strategy could have the potential to improve FUE and soil P availability via pH manipulation, resulting in an improved crop productivity and quality/food security. |
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| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3a1fc7eafd774c1b84bfdb71ea5541d12023-11-19T08:40:55ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-08-011217307210.3390/plants12173072Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous SoilKhuram Shehzad Khan0Muhammad Naveed1Muhammad Farhan Qadir2Muhammad Yaseen3Manzer H. Siddiqui4Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanInstitute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanInstitute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanInstitute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaThe demand for a better agricultural productivity and the available phosphorus (P) limitation in plants are prevailing worldwide. Poor P availability due to the high pH and calcareous nature of soils leads to a lower P fertilizer use efficiency of 10–25% in Pakistan. Among different technologies, the use of biologically acidified amendments could be a potential strategy to promote soil P availability and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) in alkaline calcareous soils. However, this study hypothesized that an acidified amendment could lower soil pH and solubilize the insoluble soil P that plants can potentially uptake and use to improve their growth and development. For this purpose, the test plant <i>Zea mays</i> was planted in greenhouse pots with a recommended dose rate of 168 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of P for selected phosphatic fertilizers, viz., DAP (diammonium phosphate), SSP (single superphosphate), and RP (rock phosphate) with or without 2% of the acidified product and a phosphorus solubilizing <i>Bacillus</i> sp. MN54. The results showed that the integration of acidified amendments and PSB strain MN54 with P fertilizers improved P fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), growth, yield, and P uptake of <i>Zea mays</i> as compared to sole application of P fertilizers. Overall, organic material along with DAP significantly improved plant physiological-, biochemical-, and nutrition-related attributes over the sole application of DAP. Interestingly, the co-application of RP with the acidified product and MN54 showed a higher response than the sole application of DAP and SSP. However, based on our study findings, we concluded that using RP with organic amendments was a more economically and environmentally friendly approach compared to the most expensive DAP fertilizer. Taken together, the current study suggests that the use of this innovative new strategy could have the potential to improve FUE and soil P availability via pH manipulation, resulting in an improved crop productivity and quality/food security.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3072bio-acidulationanimal manureP-solubilizing bacteriaphosphorus fertilizersmaizemicrobial soil conditioner |
| spellingShingle | Khuram Shehzad Khan Muhammad Naveed Muhammad Farhan Qadir Muhammad Yaseen Manzer H. Siddiqui Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil Plants bio-acidulation animal manure P-solubilizing bacteria phosphorus fertilizers maize microbial soil conditioner |
| title | Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil |
| title_full | Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil |
| title_fullStr | Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil |
| title_short | Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of <i>Zea mays</i> in Calcareous Soil |
| title_sort | bio organically acidified product mediated improvements in phosphorus fertilizer utilization uptake and yielding of i zea mays i in calcareous soil |
| topic | bio-acidulation animal manure P-solubilizing bacteria phosphorus fertilizers maize microbial soil conditioner |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3072 |
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