The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs
Reducing the use of critically important antimicrobials in veterinary medicine is increasingly important to avoid the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to analyse ten-year trends of colistin consumption in Estonia and to ascertain the possible association...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/5/499 |
| _version_ | 1797536035056386048 |
|---|---|
| author | Marju Sammul Kerli Mõtus Piret Kalmus |
| author_facet | Marju Sammul Kerli Mõtus Piret Kalmus |
| author_sort | Marju Sammul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reducing the use of critically important antimicrobials in veterinary medicine is increasingly important to avoid the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to analyse ten-year trends of colistin consumption in Estonia and to ascertain the possible association between <i>Escherichia (E.) coli</i> vaccination and colistin consumption in pig production. Colistin sales data (2010–2019) were collected from the wholesalers, allowing differentiation of target species. In Estonia, the amount of sold colistin increased constantly and almost doubled from 2010 to 2013, and decreased from 2013 to 2019 by 92.5% in total. On average across a ten-year study period, 89.7% of colistin was used in pig production. The number of sold doses of <i>E. coli</i> vaccines for pigs was very low before 2014 (<2000) and increased drastically to 2019 (362,000). According to linear time-series model with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) the consumption of colistin in pigs decreased on average by 0.23 mg/PCU for every 10,000 <i>E. coli</i> vaccine doses (95% CI −0.39, −0.06; <i>p</i> = 0.006) over ten years. This study revealed that in pig production, vaccination against <i>E. coli</i> strains contributes to the expected downward trend in colistin consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a257bc5122241aeb7699a193d477224 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a257bc5122241aeb7699a193d4772242023-11-21T17:28:17ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-04-0110549910.3390/antibiotics10050499The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in PigsMarju Sammul0Kerli Mõtus1Piret Kalmus2Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, EstoniaReducing the use of critically important antimicrobials in veterinary medicine is increasingly important to avoid the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to analyse ten-year trends of colistin consumption in Estonia and to ascertain the possible association between <i>Escherichia (E.) coli</i> vaccination and colistin consumption in pig production. Colistin sales data (2010–2019) were collected from the wholesalers, allowing differentiation of target species. In Estonia, the amount of sold colistin increased constantly and almost doubled from 2010 to 2013, and decreased from 2013 to 2019 by 92.5% in total. On average across a ten-year study period, 89.7% of colistin was used in pig production. The number of sold doses of <i>E. coli</i> vaccines for pigs was very low before 2014 (<2000) and increased drastically to 2019 (362,000). According to linear time-series model with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) the consumption of colistin in pigs decreased on average by 0.23 mg/PCU for every 10,000 <i>E. coli</i> vaccine doses (95% CI −0.39, −0.06; <i>p</i> = 0.006) over ten years. This study revealed that in pig production, vaccination against <i>E. coli</i> strains contributes to the expected downward trend in colistin consumption.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/5/499colistin<i>Escherichia coli</i> vaccinationnational statisticspigs |
| spellingShingle | Marju Sammul Kerli Mõtus Piret Kalmus The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs Antibiotics colistin <i>Escherichia coli</i> vaccination national statistics pigs |
| title | The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs |
| title_full | The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs |
| title_fullStr | The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs |
| title_short | The Use of Colistin in Food-Producing Animals in Estonia—Vaccination as an Effective Alternative to Consumption of Critically Important Antimicrobials in Pigs |
| title_sort | use of colistin in food producing animals in estonia vaccination as an effective alternative to consumption of critically important antimicrobials in pigs |
| topic | colistin <i>Escherichia coli</i> vaccination national statistics pigs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/5/499 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marjusammul theuseofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs AT kerlimotus theuseofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs AT piretkalmus theuseofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs AT marjusammul useofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs AT kerlimotus useofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs AT piretkalmus useofcolistininfoodproducinganimalsinestoniavaccinationasaneffectivealternativetoconsumptionofcriticallyimportantantimicrobialsinpigs |