The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System
Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a mycotoxin known to impair human and animal health. It is also believed to have a deleterious effect on ruminal nutrient digestibility under in vitro batch culture systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/90 |
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| author | Felipe Xavier Amaro Yun Jiang Kathy Arriola Matheus R. Pupo Bruna C. Agustinho Sarah L. Bennett James R. Vinyard Lais Tomaz Richard R. Lobo Andres Pech-Cervantes Jose A. Arce-Cordero Antonio P. Faciola Adegbola Tolulope Adesogan Diwakar Vyas |
| author_facet | Felipe Xavier Amaro Yun Jiang Kathy Arriola Matheus R. Pupo Bruna C. Agustinho Sarah L. Bennett James R. Vinyard Lais Tomaz Richard R. Lobo Andres Pech-Cervantes Jose A. Arce-Cordero Antonio P. Faciola Adegbola Tolulope Adesogan Diwakar Vyas |
| author_sort | Felipe Xavier Amaro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a mycotoxin known to impair human and animal health. It is also believed to have a deleterious effect on ruminal nutrient digestibility under in vitro batch culture systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing the dose of AFB<sub>1</sub> on ruminal dry matter and nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and N flows using a dual-flow continuous culture system fed a diet formulated for lactating dairy cows. Eight fermenter vessels were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 10 d periods (7 d adaptation and 3 d sample collection). Treatments were randomly applied to fermenters on diet DM basis: (1) 0 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (Control); (2) 50 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF50); (3) 100 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF100); and (4) 150 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF150). Treatments did not affect nutrient digestibility, fermentation, and N flows. Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> concentration in ruminal fluid increased with dose but decreased to undetectable levels after 4 h post-dosing. In conclusion, adding incremental doses of AFB<sub>1</sub> did not affect ruminal fermentation, digestibility of nutrients, and N flows in a dual-flow continuous culture system fed diets formulated for lactating dairy cows. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:03:38Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3a2e1c690e2d4b69a45dd443034aafb3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:03:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a2e1c690e2d4b69a45dd443034aafb32023-11-16T23:38:25ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512023-01-011529010.3390/toxins15020090The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture SystemFelipe Xavier Amaro0Yun Jiang1Kathy Arriola2Matheus R. Pupo3Bruna C. Agustinho4Sarah L. Bennett5James R. Vinyard6Lais Tomaz7Richard R. Lobo8Andres Pech-Cervantes9Jose A. Arce-Cordero10Antonio P. Faciola11Adegbola Tolulope Adesogan12Diwakar Vyas13Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAAflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a mycotoxin known to impair human and animal health. It is also believed to have a deleterious effect on ruminal nutrient digestibility under in vitro batch culture systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing the dose of AFB<sub>1</sub> on ruminal dry matter and nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and N flows using a dual-flow continuous culture system fed a diet formulated for lactating dairy cows. Eight fermenter vessels were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 10 d periods (7 d adaptation and 3 d sample collection). Treatments were randomly applied to fermenters on diet DM basis: (1) 0 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (Control); (2) 50 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF50); (3) 100 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF100); and (4) 150 μg of AFB<sub>1</sub>/kg of DM (AF150). Treatments did not affect nutrient digestibility, fermentation, and N flows. Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> concentration in ruminal fluid increased with dose but decreased to undetectable levels after 4 h post-dosing. In conclusion, adding incremental doses of AFB<sub>1</sub> did not affect ruminal fermentation, digestibility of nutrients, and N flows in a dual-flow continuous culture system fed diets formulated for lactating dairy cows.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/90aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>mycotoxinnutrient digestibilityN metabolismrumen fermentationruminal microbial protein |
| spellingShingle | Felipe Xavier Amaro Yun Jiang Kathy Arriola Matheus R. Pupo Bruna C. Agustinho Sarah L. Bennett James R. Vinyard Lais Tomaz Richard R. Lobo Andres Pech-Cervantes Jose A. Arce-Cordero Antonio P. Faciola Adegbola Tolulope Adesogan Diwakar Vyas The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System Toxins aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> mycotoxin nutrient digestibility N metabolism rumen fermentation ruminal microbial protein |
| title | The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System |
| title_full | The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System |
| title_short | The Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System |
| title_sort | effects of incremental doses of aflatoxin b sub 1 sub on in vitro ruminal nutrient digestibility and fermentation profile of a lactating dairy cow diet in a dual flow continuous culture system |
| topic | aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> mycotoxin nutrient digestibility N metabolism rumen fermentation ruminal microbial protein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/2/90 |
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