Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement
Involuntary movements share much of the motor control circuitry used for voluntary movement, yet the two can be easily distinguished. The Kohnstamm phenomenon (where a sustained, hard push produces subsequent involuntary arm raising) is a useful experimental model for exploring differences between v...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00185/full |
| _version_ | 1819238881789214720 |
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| author | Jack Alexander De Havas Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Hiroaki eGomi Patrick eHaggard |
| author_facet | Jack Alexander De Havas Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Hiroaki eGomi Patrick eHaggard |
| author_sort | Jack Alexander De Havas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Involuntary movements share much of the motor control circuitry used for voluntary movement, yet the two can be easily distinguished. The Kohnstamm phenomenon (where a sustained, hard push produces subsequent involuntary arm raising) is a useful experimental model for exploring differences between voluntary and involuntary movement. Both central and peripheral accounts have been proposed, but little is known regarding how the putative Kohnstamm generator responds to afferent input. We addressed this by obstructing the involuntary upward movement of the arm. Obstruction prevented the rising EMG pattern that characterizes the Kohnstamm. Importantly, once the obstruction was removed, the EMG signal resumed its former increase, suggesting a generator that persists despite peripheral input. When only one arm was obstructed during bilateral involuntary movements, only the EMG signal from the obstructed arm showed the effect. Upon release of the obstacle, the obstructed arm reached the same position and EMG level as the unobstructed arm. Comparison to matched voluntary movements revealed a preserved stretch response when a Kohnstamm movement first contacts an obstacle, and also an overestimation of the perceived contact force. Our findings support a hybrid central and peripheral account of the Kohnstamm phenomenon. The strange subjective experience of this involuntary movement is consistent with the view that movement awareness depends strongly on efference copies, but that the Kohnstamm generator does not produces efference copies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:43:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a40746b62ab46e0a90e32f110f22859 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5153 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:43:16Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a40746b62ab46e0a90e32f110f228592022-12-21T17:44:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience1662-51532015-07-01910.3389/fnbeh.2015.00185133529Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movementJack Alexander De Havas0Arko eGhosh1Arko eGhosh2Arko eGhosh3Hiroaki eGomi4Patrick eHaggard5University College LondonUniversity College LondonUniversity of Zurich and ETH ZurichUniversity of Zurich and ETH ZurichNippon Telegraph and Telephone CorporationUniversity College LondonInvoluntary movements share much of the motor control circuitry used for voluntary movement, yet the two can be easily distinguished. The Kohnstamm phenomenon (where a sustained, hard push produces subsequent involuntary arm raising) is a useful experimental model for exploring differences between voluntary and involuntary movement. Both central and peripheral accounts have been proposed, but little is known regarding how the putative Kohnstamm generator responds to afferent input. We addressed this by obstructing the involuntary upward movement of the arm. Obstruction prevented the rising EMG pattern that characterizes the Kohnstamm. Importantly, once the obstruction was removed, the EMG signal resumed its former increase, suggesting a generator that persists despite peripheral input. When only one arm was obstructed during bilateral involuntary movements, only the EMG signal from the obstructed arm showed the effect. Upon release of the obstacle, the obstructed arm reached the same position and EMG level as the unobstructed arm. Comparison to matched voluntary movements revealed a preserved stretch response when a Kohnstamm movement first contacts an obstacle, and also an overestimation of the perceived contact force. Our findings support a hybrid central and peripheral account of the Kohnstamm phenomenon. The strange subjective experience of this involuntary movement is consistent with the view that movement awareness depends strongly on efference copies, but that the Kohnstamm generator does not produces efference copies.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00185/fullmotor controlSensory feedbackefference copyinvoluntary movementInvoluntary contraction |
| spellingShingle | Jack Alexander De Havas Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Arko eGhosh Hiroaki eGomi Patrick eHaggard Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience motor control Sensory feedback efference copy involuntary movement Involuntary contraction |
| title | Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| title_full | Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| title_fullStr | Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| title_short | Sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| title_sort | sensorimotor organization of a sustained involuntary movement |
| topic | motor control Sensory feedback efference copy involuntary movement Involuntary contraction |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00185/full |
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