Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni)
Lanthanum (La) nanocomposites LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, LaNiO<sub>3</sub>, and LaCoO<sub>3</sub> were synthesized using a sol-gel method, and different La to-metal (Fe, Ni, or Co) ratios were attained using various concentrations of salts. The resulting composites were c...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| author | Mmabatho L. Mocwana Puseletso P. Mokoena Pontsho S. Mbule Isaac N. Beas Guy L. Kabongo Simon N. Ogugua Themba E. Tshabalala |
| author_facet | Mmabatho L. Mocwana Puseletso P. Mokoena Pontsho S. Mbule Isaac N. Beas Guy L. Kabongo Simon N. Ogugua Themba E. Tshabalala |
| author_sort | Mmabatho L. Mocwana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lanthanum (La) nanocomposites LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, LaNiO<sub>3</sub>, and LaCoO<sub>3</sub> were synthesized using a sol-gel method, and different La to-metal (Fe, Ni, or Co) ratios were attained using various concentrations of salts. The resulting composites were calcined at 540 °C and characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, FT-IR spectroscopy, XPS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and PL spectroscopy. The activity of the lanthanum composites (LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, LaNiO<sub>3</sub>, and LaCoO<sub>3</sub>) was studied using the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and ortho-toluidine blue (o-TB) under visible light with a wavelength below 420 nm. The change in the concentration of dyes was monitored by using the UV-Vis spectroscopy technique. All composites appeared to have some degree of photocatalytic activity, with composites possessing an orthorhombic crystal structure having higher photocatalytic activity. The LaCoO<sub>3</sub> composite is more efficient compared with LaFeO<sub>3</sub> and LaNiO<sub>3</sub> for both dyes. High degradation percentages were observed for the La composites with a 1:1 metal ratio. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:06Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:06Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3a4962f8e46347caab809f1ced47aff72023-11-24T04:05:19ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-10-011211131310.3390/catal12111313Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni)Mmabatho L. Mocwana0Puseletso P. Mokoena1Pontsho S. Mbule2Isaac N. Beas3Guy L. Kabongo4Simon N. Ogugua5Themba E. Tshabalala6School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley 8300, South AfricaSchool of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley 8300, South AfricaDepartment of Physics, CSET, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South AfricaBotswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation (BITRI), Private Bag 0082, Gaborone, BotswanaDepartment of Physics, CSET, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South AfricaDepartment of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaSchool of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley 8300, South AfricaLanthanum (La) nanocomposites LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, LaNiO<sub>3</sub>, and LaCoO<sub>3</sub> were synthesized using a sol-gel method, and different La to-metal (Fe, Ni, or Co) ratios were attained using various concentrations of salts. The resulting composites were calcined at 540 °C and characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, FT-IR spectroscopy, XPS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and PL spectroscopy. The activity of the lanthanum composites (LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, LaNiO<sub>3</sub>, and LaCoO<sub>3</sub>) was studied using the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and ortho-toluidine blue (o-TB) under visible light with a wavelength below 420 nm. The change in the concentration of dyes was monitored by using the UV-Vis spectroscopy technique. All composites appeared to have some degree of photocatalytic activity, with composites possessing an orthorhombic crystal structure having higher photocatalytic activity. The LaCoO<sub>3</sub> composite is more efficient compared with LaFeO<sub>3</sub> and LaNiO<sub>3</sub> for both dyes. High degradation percentages were observed for the La composites with a 1:1 metal ratio.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1313degradationmethylene-blueortho-toluidine blueLaFeO<sub>3</sub>LaNiO<sub>3</sub>LaCoO<sub>3</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Mmabatho L. Mocwana Puseletso P. Mokoena Pontsho S. Mbule Isaac N. Beas Guy L. Kabongo Simon N. Ogugua Themba E. Tshabalala Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) Catalysts degradation methylene-blue ortho-toluidine blue LaFeO<sub>3</sub> LaNiO<sub>3</sub> LaCoO<sub>3</sub> |
| title | Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) |
| title_full | Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) |
| title_short | Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Ortho-Toluidine Blue: Activity of Lanthanum Composites La<sub>x</sub>MO<sub>y</sub> (M: Fe, Co, Ni) |
| title_sort | photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and ortho toluidine blue activity of lanthanum composites la sub x sub mo sub y sub m fe co ni |
| topic | degradation methylene-blue ortho-toluidine blue LaFeO<sub>3</sub> LaNiO<sub>3</sub> LaCoO<sub>3</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1313 |
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