Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress
Attenuators of salt-stress favor the use of effluents, being a low-cost organic product. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vermicompost leachate (VL) added to shrimp-culture effluent on seeds and seedlings of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under salt-stress, evaluati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/424 |
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| author | Emilio García-Galindo Alejandra Nieto-Garibay Enrique Troyo-Diéguez Gregorio Lucero-Vega Bernardo Murillo-Amador Francisco Higinio Ruiz-Espinoza Héctor Cirilo Fraga-Palomino |
| author_facet | Emilio García-Galindo Alejandra Nieto-Garibay Enrique Troyo-Diéguez Gregorio Lucero-Vega Bernardo Murillo-Amador Francisco Higinio Ruiz-Espinoza Héctor Cirilo Fraga-Palomino |
| author_sort | Emilio García-Galindo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Attenuators of salt-stress favor the use of effluents, being a low-cost organic product. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vermicompost leachate (VL) added to shrimp-culture effluent on seeds and seedlings of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under salt-stress, evaluating germination, water relations variables, and biomass. Seeds were irrigated with distilled water (DW) (CE: 0.0027 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), freshwater (FW) (CE: 1.36 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), seawater (SW) (CE: 55.83 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), shrimp residual water (SRW) (CE: 59.85 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), and with the same water sources but adding VL in 1:20 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>. The means for the index of germination rate (IGR), germination energy (GE), and germination time (MGT) were higher with DW, DWVL, FW, and FWVL, decreasing with the others (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). In seedlings, the lowest water potential (<i>Ψw</i>) and osmotic potential (<i>Ψs</i>) were observed with SW, SWVL, SRW, and SRWVL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), evidencing higher stress but the highest relative water content (RWC). The fresh and dry biomass increased and showed significant differences with SRW, and adding VL (DWVL, FWVL, SWVL, and SRWVL) acted as an effective attenuator of salt-stress. The response of water relations variables suggested an osmotic adjustment for mitigating the salt-stress in seedlings, lowering the Ψw and Ψs but increasing the RWC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:31:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a4a5cd5e6d44f9ba1f79ed2f8b44a5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:31:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a4a5cd5e6d44f9ba1f79ed2f8b44a5a2023-12-11T18:29:55ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-02-0111342410.3390/agronomy11030424Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt StressEmilio García-Galindo0Alejandra Nieto-Garibay1Enrique Troyo-Diéguez2Gregorio Lucero-Vega3Bernardo Murillo-Amador4Francisco Higinio Ruiz-Espinoza5Héctor Cirilo Fraga-Palomino6Graduate Studies and Human Resources Program, Center for Biological Research of Northwest México (CIBNOR), La Paz 23096, MexicoArid Zone Agriculture Program, Center for Biological Research of Northwest México, La Paz 23096, MexicoArid Zone Agriculture Program, Center for Biological Research of Northwest México, La Paz 23096, MexicoAgronomy Academic Department, Baja California Sur Autonomous University (UABCS), La Paz 23085, MexicoArid Zone Agriculture Program, Center for Biological Research of Northwest México, La Paz 23096, MexicoAgronomy Academic Department, Baja California Sur Autonomous University (UABCS), La Paz 23085, MexicoArid Zone Agriculture Program, Center for Biological Research of Northwest México, La Paz 23096, MexicoAttenuators of salt-stress favor the use of effluents, being a low-cost organic product. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vermicompost leachate (VL) added to shrimp-culture effluent on seeds and seedlings of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under salt-stress, evaluating germination, water relations variables, and biomass. Seeds were irrigated with distilled water (DW) (CE: 0.0027 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), freshwater (FW) (CE: 1.36 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), seawater (SW) (CE: 55.83 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), shrimp residual water (SRW) (CE: 59.85 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), and with the same water sources but adding VL in 1:20 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>. The means for the index of germination rate (IGR), germination energy (GE), and germination time (MGT) were higher with DW, DWVL, FW, and FWVL, decreasing with the others (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). In seedlings, the lowest water potential (<i>Ψw</i>) and osmotic potential (<i>Ψs</i>) were observed with SW, SWVL, SRW, and SRWVL (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), evidencing higher stress but the highest relative water content (RWC). The fresh and dry biomass increased and showed significant differences with SRW, and adding VL (DWVL, FWVL, SWVL, and SRWVL) acted as an effective attenuator of salt-stress. The response of water relations variables suggested an osmotic adjustment for mitigating the salt-stress in seedlings, lowering the Ψw and Ψs but increasing the RWC.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/424<i>Salicornia bigelovii</i>halophytevermicompostaquaculture effluentorganic cropsalt stress |
| spellingShingle | Emilio García-Galindo Alejandra Nieto-Garibay Enrique Troyo-Diéguez Gregorio Lucero-Vega Bernardo Murillo-Amador Francisco Higinio Ruiz-Espinoza Héctor Cirilo Fraga-Palomino Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress Agronomy <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> halophyte vermicompost aquaculture effluent organic crop salt stress |
| title | Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress |
| title_full | Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress |
| title_fullStr | Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress |
| title_short | Germination of <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> (Torr.) under Shrimp Culture Effluents and the Application of Vermicompost Leachate for Mitigating Salt Stress |
| title_sort | germination of i salicornia bigelovii i torr under shrimp culture effluents and the application of vermicompost leachate for mitigating salt stress |
| topic | <i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> halophyte vermicompost aquaculture effluent organic crop salt stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/424 |
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