Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US
In recent decades, the United States has experienced changing patterns of extreme temperature. Although much progress has been made, delineating the change in synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV) and understanding its potential causes remain to be pursued. In this study, we seek to provid...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/979 |
| _version_ | 1827738597317410816 |
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| author | Michael Secor Jie Sun Fucheng Yang Xiaolei Zou Zhaohua Wu |
| author_facet | Michael Secor Jie Sun Fucheng Yang Xiaolei Zou Zhaohua Wu |
| author_sort | Michael Secor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, the United States has experienced changing patterns of extreme temperature. Although much progress has been made, delineating the change in synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV) and understanding its potential causes remain to be pursued. In this study, we seek to provide a quantitative description of the change in SSTV in the past seven decades across the US and its potential relevant physical factors. To achieve this goal, we develop a spatiotemporally local analysis method based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition that bypasses the stationary assumption and makes it possible to continuously track the change in SSTV in the spatiotemporal domain. We have found that the change in SSTV across the US is spatially inhomogeneous and temporally non-uniform. The change in the SSTV amplitude ranges from −36% to 39% across the continental United States, Northern Mexico, and surrounding oceans. Higher altitudes and surrounding regions generally see an increase in variability, while elsewhere over land, a reduction is observed, creating a three-band zonal structure across the continental United States. Generally, increases in variability are observed in the subtropics. The shape of the spatiotemporal evolution of SSTV implies that the topography of the United States may play an important role in altering synoptic-scale variability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:47:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a581271faa342759e5ecff6dd8ce92d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:47:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a581271faa342759e5ecff6dd8ce92d2023-11-18T09:14:33ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-06-0114697910.3390/atmos14060979Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the USMichael Secor0Jie Sun1Fucheng Yang2Xiaolei Zou3Zhaohua Wu4Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, and Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USADepartment of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, and Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USADepartment of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, and Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USAJoint Center of Data Assimilation for Research and Application, Nanjing University of Information and Science & Technology, Nanjing 211544, ChinaDepartment of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, and Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USAIn recent decades, the United States has experienced changing patterns of extreme temperature. Although much progress has been made, delineating the change in synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV) and understanding its potential causes remain to be pursued. In this study, we seek to provide a quantitative description of the change in SSTV in the past seven decades across the US and its potential relevant physical factors. To achieve this goal, we develop a spatiotemporally local analysis method based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition that bypasses the stationary assumption and makes it possible to continuously track the change in SSTV in the spatiotemporal domain. We have found that the change in SSTV across the US is spatially inhomogeneous and temporally non-uniform. The change in the SSTV amplitude ranges from −36% to 39% across the continental United States, Northern Mexico, and surrounding oceans. Higher altitudes and surrounding regions generally see an increase in variability, while elsewhere over land, a reduction is observed, creating a three-band zonal structure across the continental United States. Generally, increases in variability are observed in the subtropics. The shape of the spatiotemporal evolution of SSTV implies that the topography of the United States may play an important role in altering synoptic-scale variability.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/979synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV)amplitude change in SSTVglobal warmingtopography |
| spellingShingle | Michael Secor Jie Sun Fucheng Yang Xiaolei Zou Zhaohua Wu Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US Atmosphere synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV) amplitude change in SSTV global warming topography |
| title | Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US |
| title_full | Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US |
| title_fullStr | Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US |
| title_short | Global Warming and Topography Impact the Amplitude of the Synoptic-Scale Surface Temperature Variability across the US |
| title_sort | global warming and topography impact the amplitude of the synoptic scale surface temperature variability across the us |
| topic | synoptic surface temperature variability (SSTV) amplitude change in SSTV global warming topography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/6/979 |
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