Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya
Summary: Background: Gender disparities in time use contribute to poor outcomes in women. Large-scale disruptions can affect time use. The objectives of this study were to characterize time use across the pandemic by gender and to assess how gender associates with 2021-time use, overall and by 2020...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-07-01
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| Series: | EClinicalMedicine |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022002097 |
| _version_ | 1818549281201586176 |
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| author | Anaise Williams Shannon N. Wood H.Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Mary Thiongo Peter Gichangi Bianca Devoto Michele R. Decker |
| author_facet | Anaise Williams Shannon N. Wood H.Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Mary Thiongo Peter Gichangi Bianca Devoto Michele R. Decker |
| author_sort | Anaise Williams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: Gender disparities in time use contribute to poor outcomes in women. Large-scale disruptions can affect time use. The objectives of this study were to characterize time use across the pandemic by gender and to assess how gender associates with 2021-time use, overall and by 2020 economic dependency status. Methods: A prospective cohort of youth in Nairobi, Kenya, completed phone-based surveys in August-October 2020 and April-May 2021. Time use was characterized at both time points and 1,777 participants with complete time use data at both time points were included in the analysis. 2021-time use was regressed on gender and stratified by 2020 economic dependency status. Findings: At both time points, significant gender differences in time use found young men with more time on paid work and less time on domestic work [1·6 h; 95% CI: 1·1, 2·2] and [-1·9 h; 95% CI: -1·1, -1·5], respectively; 2021. In adjusted models, the gender differential in unpaid domestic work were significant overall and at all levels of economic dependency (dependent, semi-dependent, independent). The gender differential in paid work was evident among semi-dependent and independent. Interpretation: Young women spent less time on paid work and more time on domestic duties than male counterparts, consistently across a six-month period during the pandemic, suggesting gendered time poverty. Resulting gendered gaps in earnings can contribute to women's longer-term economic vulnerability. Funding: This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [010481]. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:31:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a5b12dcc1ef4bfea1b1e6004673c0fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2589-5370 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:31:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | EClinicalMedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a5b12dcc1ef4bfea1b1e6004673c0fc2022-12-22T00:31:05ZengElsevierEClinicalMedicine2589-53702022-07-0149101479Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, KenyaAnaise Williams0Shannon N. Wood1H.Colleen Stuart2Grace Wamue-Ngare3Mary Thiongo4Peter Gichangi5Bianca Devoto6Michele R. Decker7Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USADepartment of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USAJohns Hopkins Carey Business School, Baltimore, MD, USADepartment of Sociology, Gender and Development Studies, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya; Women's Economic Empowerment Hub, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Centre for Reproductive Health-Kenya, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Centre for Reproductive Health-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, BelgiumDepartment of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USADepartment of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Corresponding author at: 615 N Wolfe St, E4142, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.Summary: Background: Gender disparities in time use contribute to poor outcomes in women. Large-scale disruptions can affect time use. The objectives of this study were to characterize time use across the pandemic by gender and to assess how gender associates with 2021-time use, overall and by 2020 economic dependency status. Methods: A prospective cohort of youth in Nairobi, Kenya, completed phone-based surveys in August-October 2020 and April-May 2021. Time use was characterized at both time points and 1,777 participants with complete time use data at both time points were included in the analysis. 2021-time use was regressed on gender and stratified by 2020 economic dependency status. Findings: At both time points, significant gender differences in time use found young men with more time on paid work and less time on domestic work [1·6 h; 95% CI: 1·1, 2·2] and [-1·9 h; 95% CI: -1·1, -1·5], respectively; 2021. In adjusted models, the gender differential in unpaid domestic work were significant overall and at all levels of economic dependency (dependent, semi-dependent, independent). The gender differential in paid work was evident among semi-dependent and independent. Interpretation: Young women spent less time on paid work and more time on domestic duties than male counterparts, consistently across a six-month period during the pandemic, suggesting gendered time poverty. Resulting gendered gaps in earnings can contribute to women's longer-term economic vulnerability. Funding: This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [010481].http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022002097 |
| spellingShingle | Anaise Williams Shannon N. Wood H.Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Mary Thiongo Peter Gichangi Bianca Devoto Michele R. Decker Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya EClinicalMedicine |
| title | Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya |
| title_full | Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya |
| title_fullStr | Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya |
| title_short | Gendered time use during COVID-19 among adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya |
| title_sort | gendered time use during covid 19 among adolescents and young adults in nairobi kenya |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022002097 |
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