Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles
In municipal waterworks large amounts of waste in the form of sludge have to be discarded. This investigation focuses on the processing of ceramic floor tiles incorporated with a municipal waterworks sludge. Four floor tile formulations containing up to 10 wt. % of the municipal waterworks sludge we...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-03-01
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| Series: | Recycling |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/3/1/10 |
| _version_ | 1818216591085535232 |
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| author | Lara Pessin Rodrigues José Nilson França de Holanda |
| author_facet | Lara Pessin Rodrigues José Nilson França de Holanda |
| author_sort | Lara Pessin Rodrigues |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In municipal waterworks large amounts of waste in the form of sludge have to be discarded. This investigation focuses on the processing of ceramic floor tiles incorporated with a municipal waterworks sludge. Four floor tile formulations containing up to 10 wt. % of the municipal waterworks sludge were prepared in order to replace the kaolin. The floor tile processing route consisted of dry powder granulation, uniaxial pressing, and firing between 1190 and 1250 °C using a fast-firing cycle (<60 min). The densification behavior and technological properties of the floor tile pieces as function of the sludge addition and firing temperature were determined. The development of the microstructure was followed by XRD and SEM/EDS. The results show that the replacement of kaolin with municipal waterworks sludge, in the range up to 10 wt. %, allows the production of ceramic floor tiles (group BIb and group BIIa, ISO 13006 Standard) at lower firing temperatures. These results suggest a new possibility of valorization of municipal waterworks sludge in order to bring economic and environmental benefits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:54:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a5e32eb500949ce8e8d77f71c4cd862 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-4321 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:54:24Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Recycling |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a5e32eb500949ce8e8d77f71c4cd8622022-12-22T00:33:59ZengMDPI AGRecycling2313-43212018-03-013110010.3390/recycling3010010recycling3010010Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor TilesLara Pessin Rodrigues0José Nilson França de Holanda1Group of Ceramic Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Northern Fluminense State University, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, BrazilGroup of Ceramic Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Northern Fluminense State University, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, BrazilIn municipal waterworks large amounts of waste in the form of sludge have to be discarded. This investigation focuses on the processing of ceramic floor tiles incorporated with a municipal waterworks sludge. Four floor tile formulations containing up to 10 wt. % of the municipal waterworks sludge were prepared in order to replace the kaolin. The floor tile processing route consisted of dry powder granulation, uniaxial pressing, and firing between 1190 and 1250 °C using a fast-firing cycle (<60 min). The densification behavior and technological properties of the floor tile pieces as function of the sludge addition and firing temperature were determined. The development of the microstructure was followed by XRD and SEM/EDS. The results show that the replacement of kaolin with municipal waterworks sludge, in the range up to 10 wt. %, allows the production of ceramic floor tiles (group BIb and group BIIa, ISO 13006 Standard) at lower firing temperatures. These results suggest a new possibility of valorization of municipal waterworks sludge in order to bring economic and environmental benefits.http://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/3/1/10municipal waterworks sludgewasterecyclingvalorizationfloor tiles |
| spellingShingle | Lara Pessin Rodrigues José Nilson França de Holanda Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles Recycling municipal waterworks sludge waste recycling valorization floor tiles |
| title | Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles |
| title_full | Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles |
| title_fullStr | Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles |
| title_short | Valorization of Municipal Waterworks Sludge to Produce Ceramic Floor Tiles |
| title_sort | valorization of municipal waterworks sludge to produce ceramic floor tiles |
| topic | municipal waterworks sludge waste recycling valorization floor tiles |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/3/1/10 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT larapessinrodrigues valorizationofmunicipalwaterworkssludgetoproduceceramicfloortiles AT josenilsonfrancadeholanda valorizationofmunicipalwaterworkssludgetoproduceceramicfloortiles |