Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment
Advanced catalysts are crucial for a wide range of chemical, pharmaceutical, energy, and environmental applications. They can reduce energy barriers and increase reaction rates for desirable transformations, making many critical large-scale processes feasible, eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and aff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/20/3593 |
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| author | Wenhu Wang Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay |
| author_facet | Wenhu Wang Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay |
| author_sort | Wenhu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Advanced catalysts are crucial for a wide range of chemical, pharmaceutical, energy, and environmental applications. They can reduce energy barriers and increase reaction rates for desirable transformations, making many critical large-scale processes feasible, eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and affordable. Advances in nanotechnology have ushered in a new era for heterogeneous catalysis. Nanoscale catalytic materials are known to surpass their conventional macro-sized counterparts in performance and precision, owing it to their ultra-high surface activities and unique size-dependent quantum properties. In water treatment, nanocatalysts can offer significant promise for novel and ecofriendly pollutant degradation technologies that can be tailored for customer-specific needs. In particular, nano-palladium catalysts have shown promise in degrading larger molecules, making them attractive for mitigating emerging contaminants. However, the applicability of nanomaterials, including nanocatalysts, in practical deployable and ecofriendly devices, is severely limited due to their easy proliferation into the service environment, which raises concerns of toxicity, material retrieval, reusability, and related cost and safety issues. To overcome this limitation, matrix-supported hybrid nanostructures, where nanocatalysts are integrated with other solids for stability and durability, can be employed. The interaction between the support and nanocatalysts becomes important in these materials and needs to be well investigated to better understand their physical, chemical, and catalytic behavior. This review paper presents an overview of recent studies on matrix-supported Pd-nanocatalysts and highlights some of the novel emerging concepts. The focus is on suitable approaches to integrate nanocatalysts in water treatment applications to mitigate emerging contaminants including halogenated molecules. The state-of-the-art supports for palladium nanocatalysts that can be deployed in water treatment systems are reviewed. In addition, research opportunities are emphasized to design robust, reusable, and ecofriendly nanocatalyst architecture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:40:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a5fd1f482cb4a41aca7e1c95ef4f757 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:40:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a5fd1f482cb4a41aca7e1c95ef4f7572023-11-24T01:39:49ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-10-011220359310.3390/nano12203593Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water TreatmentWenhu Wang0Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda1Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay2Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USAGraduate School, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USAFrontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USAAdvanced catalysts are crucial for a wide range of chemical, pharmaceutical, energy, and environmental applications. They can reduce energy barriers and increase reaction rates for desirable transformations, making many critical large-scale processes feasible, eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and affordable. Advances in nanotechnology have ushered in a new era for heterogeneous catalysis. Nanoscale catalytic materials are known to surpass their conventional macro-sized counterparts in performance and precision, owing it to their ultra-high surface activities and unique size-dependent quantum properties. In water treatment, nanocatalysts can offer significant promise for novel and ecofriendly pollutant degradation technologies that can be tailored for customer-specific needs. In particular, nano-palladium catalysts have shown promise in degrading larger molecules, making them attractive for mitigating emerging contaminants. However, the applicability of nanomaterials, including nanocatalysts, in practical deployable and ecofriendly devices, is severely limited due to their easy proliferation into the service environment, which raises concerns of toxicity, material retrieval, reusability, and related cost and safety issues. To overcome this limitation, matrix-supported hybrid nanostructures, where nanocatalysts are integrated with other solids for stability and durability, can be employed. The interaction between the support and nanocatalysts becomes important in these materials and needs to be well investigated to better understand their physical, chemical, and catalytic behavior. This review paper presents an overview of recent studies on matrix-supported Pd-nanocatalysts and highlights some of the novel emerging concepts. The focus is on suitable approaches to integrate nanocatalysts in water treatment applications to mitigate emerging contaminants including halogenated molecules. The state-of-the-art supports for palladium nanocatalysts that can be deployed in water treatment systems are reviewed. In addition, research opportunities are emphasized to design robust, reusable, and ecofriendly nanocatalyst architecture.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/20/3593palladium nanocatalysthybrid catalyst-support systemswater purification |
| spellingShingle | Wenhu Wang Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment Nanomaterials palladium nanocatalyst hybrid catalyst-support systems water purification |
| title | Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment |
| title_full | Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment |
| title_short | Advances in Matrix-Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts for Water Treatment |
| title_sort | advances in matrix supported palladium nanocatalysts for water treatment |
| topic | palladium nanocatalyst hybrid catalyst-support systems water purification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/20/3593 |
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