Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH
Three phosphorus (P) fertilizer fractions recycled from biogas digestates were tested alone and in combination for their efficiency in two agricultural surface soils with different pH: a silty sandy loam and a clay loam. The experiments were carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions, using min...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Agriculture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/325 |
| _version_ | 1797447394296594432 |
|---|---|
| author | Inga-Mareike Bach Lisa Essich Andrea Bauerle Torsten Müller |
| author_facet | Inga-Mareike Bach Lisa Essich Andrea Bauerle Torsten Müller |
| author_sort | Inga-Mareike Bach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three phosphorus (P) fertilizer fractions recycled from biogas digestates were tested alone and in combination for their efficiency in two agricultural surface soils with different pH: a silty sandy loam and a clay loam. The experiments were carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions, using mineral triple superphosphate (TSP) as a reference. Maize was cultivated for 50 days, followed by ryegrass cultivation for an additional 84 days in the same soil, without additional fertilization. The variables investigated were above-ground plant biomass production, plant phosphorus concentration and content, and plant available phosphorus concentration in soil. The dry matter (DM) yield of maize was increased by the organic P fertilizers equal to or more than TSP in both soils. In the neutral soil, biomass was almost doubled compared to TSP when using one of the fractions (Struvite containing P-Salt) alone or in combination with dried solid fractions. P concentration in maize cultivated in the neutral soil was not significantly different between the P fertilization treatments. However, associated with biomass increase, the total P content in maize plants was equal to or higher than that with TSP. In the acidic soil, P concentration and total P content in maize plants, as well as the calcium-acetate-lactate extractable P (CAL-P) concentration in soil, were equal to or even higher than TSP. Ryegrass DM yield was unaffected by all P fertilizers, independent of the soil, although P concentration and total P content increased in the acidic soil with all fertilizers. Our results show that recycled P fertilizers from biogas digestates are effective P fertilizer alternatives to mineral TSP for maize cultivation under acidic and neutral soil conditions. The lack of growth effects in ryegrass indicates that recycled P fertilizers do not require changes in weed control. On the other hand, P extraction by ryegrass in overfertilized acidic soils as an option for soil remediation also works in soils fertilized with biogas digestate fractions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:54:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a8f2f9475504fcca0ecf68c8058f0e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:54:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a8f2f9475504fcca0ecf68c8058f0e72023-11-30T20:42:59ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-02-0112332510.3390/agriculture12030325Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pHInga-Mareike Bach0Lisa Essich1Andrea Bauerle2Torsten Müller3Department of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics (340i), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 20, 70593 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics (340i), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 20, 70593 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 23, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics (340i), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 20, 70593 Stuttgart, GermanyThree phosphorus (P) fertilizer fractions recycled from biogas digestates were tested alone and in combination for their efficiency in two agricultural surface soils with different pH: a silty sandy loam and a clay loam. The experiments were carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions, using mineral triple superphosphate (TSP) as a reference. Maize was cultivated for 50 days, followed by ryegrass cultivation for an additional 84 days in the same soil, without additional fertilization. The variables investigated were above-ground plant biomass production, plant phosphorus concentration and content, and plant available phosphorus concentration in soil. The dry matter (DM) yield of maize was increased by the organic P fertilizers equal to or more than TSP in both soils. In the neutral soil, biomass was almost doubled compared to TSP when using one of the fractions (Struvite containing P-Salt) alone or in combination with dried solid fractions. P concentration in maize cultivated in the neutral soil was not significantly different between the P fertilization treatments. However, associated with biomass increase, the total P content in maize plants was equal to or higher than that with TSP. In the acidic soil, P concentration and total P content in maize plants, as well as the calcium-acetate-lactate extractable P (CAL-P) concentration in soil, were equal to or even higher than TSP. Ryegrass DM yield was unaffected by all P fertilizers, independent of the soil, although P concentration and total P content increased in the acidic soil with all fertilizers. Our results show that recycled P fertilizers from biogas digestates are effective P fertilizer alternatives to mineral TSP for maize cultivation under acidic and neutral soil conditions. The lack of growth effects in ryegrass indicates that recycled P fertilizers do not require changes in weed control. On the other hand, P extraction by ryegrass in overfertilized acidic soils as an option for soil remediation also works in soils fertilized with biogas digestate fractions.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/325recycled phosphorus fertilizerbiogas digestatessoil pHphosphorus fertility indicatorsmaizeryegrass |
| spellingShingle | Inga-Mareike Bach Lisa Essich Andrea Bauerle Torsten Müller Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH Agriculture recycled phosphorus fertilizer biogas digestates soil pH phosphorus fertility indicators maize ryegrass |
| title | Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH |
| title_full | Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH |
| title_fullStr | Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH |
| title_short | Efficiency of Phosphorus Fertilizers Derived from Recycled Biogas Digestate as Applied to Maize and Ryegrass in Soils with Different pH |
| title_sort | efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers derived from recycled biogas digestate as applied to maize and ryegrass in soils with different ph |
| topic | recycled phosphorus fertilizer biogas digestates soil pH phosphorus fertility indicators maize ryegrass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/325 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ingamareikebach efficiencyofphosphorusfertilizersderivedfromrecycledbiogasdigestateasappliedtomaizeandryegrassinsoilswithdifferentph AT lisaessich efficiencyofphosphorusfertilizersderivedfromrecycledbiogasdigestateasappliedtomaizeandryegrassinsoilswithdifferentph AT andreabauerle efficiencyofphosphorusfertilizersderivedfromrecycledbiogasdigestateasappliedtomaizeandryegrassinsoilswithdifferentph AT torstenmuller efficiencyofphosphorusfertilizersderivedfromrecycledbiogasdigestateasappliedtomaizeandryegrassinsoilswithdifferentph |