Investigating Therapeutic Effects of Indole Derivatives Targeting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurotoxin-Induced Cell and Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have been emerging as important pathways contributing to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. In PD brains, the activated microglia release inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and nitric oxide (NO), which incr...
Main Authors: | Ya-Jen Chiu, Chih-Hsin Lin, Chung-Yin Lin, Pei-Ning Yang, Yen-Shi Lo, Yu-Chieh Chen, Chiung-Mei Chen, Yih-Ru Wu, Ching-Fa Yao, Kuo-Hsuan Chang, Guey-Jen Lee-Chen |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2642 |
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