Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS
Detailed knowledge on natural dyes is important for agronomy and quality control as well as the fastness, stability, and analysis of dyed textiles. Weld (<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.), which is a source of flavone-based yellow dye, is the focus of this study. One aim was to reduce the requir...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3787 |
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| author | Elbert van der Klift Alexandre Villela Goverdina C. H. Derksen Peter P. Lankhorst Teris A. van Beek |
| author_facet | Elbert van der Klift Alexandre Villela Goverdina C. H. Derksen Peter P. Lankhorst Teris A. van Beek |
| author_sort | Elbert van der Klift |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Detailed knowledge on natural dyes is important for agronomy and quality control as well as the fastness, stability, and analysis of dyed textiles. Weld (<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.), which is a source of flavone-based yellow dye, is the focus of this study. One aim was to reduce the required amount of dyed textile to ≤50 μg for a successful chromatographic analysis. The second aim was to unambiguously confirm the identity of all weld flavones. By carrying out the extraction of 50 μg dyed wool with 25 μL of solvent and analysis by reversed-phase UHPLC at 345 nm, reproducible chromatographic fingerprints could be obtained with good signal to noise ratios. Ten baseline separated peaks with relative areas ≥1% were separated in 6 min. Through repeated polyamide column chromatography and prepHPLC, the compounds corresponding with the fingerprint peaks were purified from dried weld. Each was unequivocally identified, including the position and configuration of attached sugars, by means of 1D and 2D NMR and high-resolution MS. Apigenin-4′-<i>O</i>-glucoside and luteolin-4′-<i>O</i>-glucoside were additionally identified as two trace flavones co-eluting with other flavone glucosides, the former for the first time in weld. The microextraction might be extended to other used dye plants, thus reducing the required amount of precious historical textiles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:11:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a9a21723cf24809b20ebb2d1c8859fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:11:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a9a21723cf24809b20ebb2d1c8859fd2023-11-22T01:10:11ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-06-012613378710.3390/molecules26133787Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MSElbert van der Klift0Alexandre Villela1Goverdina C. H. Derksen2Peter P. Lankhorst3Teris A. van Beek4Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The NetherlandsLaboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The NetherlandsResearch Group Biobased Products, Avans University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 90.116, 4800 RA Breda, The NetherlandsDSM, Biotechnology Center, A. Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX Delft, The NetherlandsLaboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The NetherlandsDetailed knowledge on natural dyes is important for agronomy and quality control as well as the fastness, stability, and analysis of dyed textiles. Weld (<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.), which is a source of flavone-based yellow dye, is the focus of this study. One aim was to reduce the required amount of dyed textile to ≤50 μg for a successful chromatographic analysis. The second aim was to unambiguously confirm the identity of all weld flavones. By carrying out the extraction of 50 μg dyed wool with 25 μL of solvent and analysis by reversed-phase UHPLC at 345 nm, reproducible chromatographic fingerprints could be obtained with good signal to noise ratios. Ten baseline separated peaks with relative areas ≥1% were separated in 6 min. Through repeated polyamide column chromatography and prepHPLC, the compounds corresponding with the fingerprint peaks were purified from dried weld. Each was unequivocally identified, including the position and configuration of attached sugars, by means of 1D and 2D NMR and high-resolution MS. Apigenin-4′-<i>O</i>-glucoside and luteolin-4′-<i>O</i>-glucoside were additionally identified as two trace flavones co-eluting with other flavone glucosides, the former for the first time in weld. The microextraction might be extended to other used dye plants, thus reducing the required amount of precious historical textiles.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3787weld<i>Reseda luteola</i> L.natural yellow dyeμ-analysismicro-extraction of woolUHPLC |
| spellingShingle | Elbert van der Klift Alexandre Villela Goverdina C. H. Derksen Peter P. Lankhorst Teris A. van Beek Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS Molecules weld <i>Reseda luteola</i> L. natural yellow dye μ-analysis micro-extraction of wool UHPLC |
| title | Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS |
| title_full | Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS |
| title_fullStr | Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS |
| title_short | Microextraction of <i>Reseda luteola</i>-Dyed Wool and Qualitative Analysis of Its Flavones by UHPLC-UV, NMR and MS |
| title_sort | microextraction of i reseda luteola i dyed wool and qualitative analysis of its flavones by uhplc uv nmr and ms |
| topic | weld <i>Reseda luteola</i> L. natural yellow dye μ-analysis micro-extraction of wool UHPLC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3787 |
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