Diagnostic Accuracy of Kramer Visual Assessment of Jaundice in Term Neonates Taking Total Serum Bilirubin Levels as the Gold Standard
Objective: To determine the Diagnostic accuracy of Kramer's visual assessment of jaundice in term neonates by taking total serum bilirubin levels as a gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Neonatology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Army Medical College Rawalpindi
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/6252 |
| Summary: | Objective: To determine the Diagnostic accuracy of Kramer's visual assessment of jaundice in term neonates by taking total serum bilirubin levels as a gold standard.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Neonatology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, Mar to Sep 2019.
Methodology: The study was based on examining and investigating 300 neonates. Kramer scale was used to examine jaundice in all neonates, and results were compared to total serum bilirubin levels.
Results: A total of 300 patients were included in this study. The mean bilirubin level was 229.1±74.5mol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of visual assessment of jaundice using the Kramer visual scale were 83.84% and 73.53%, respectively, for neonates who were not jaundiced below the abdomen and thighs included in Kramer zones 1 to 3.
Conclusion: Kramer visual assessment can be used as a noninvasive screening method in neonates jaundiced up to the abdomen and thighs, which is included in Kramer zones 1 to 3 but for markedly jaundiced neonates Kramer scale is not a reliable noninvasive method of bilirubin estimation.
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| ISSN: | 0030-9648 2411-8842 |