Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect?
It is well established that physical activity benefits cognition. Further, the time of day one engages in physical activity has been suggested to influence cognition. Here, we aimed to understand if there is a time-of-day effect (morning or afternoon) of physical activity on cognition, i.e., if exer...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/9/1766 |
| _version_ | 1797487765510684672 |
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| author | Reinaldo Maeneja Inês S. Ferreira Cláudia R. Silva Ana Maria Abreu |
| author_facet | Reinaldo Maeneja Inês S. Ferreira Cláudia R. Silva Ana Maria Abreu |
| author_sort | Reinaldo Maeneja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is well established that physical activity benefits cognition. Further, the time of day one engages in physical activity has been suggested to influence cognition. Here, we aimed to understand if there is a time-of-day effect (morning or afternoon) of physical activity on cognition, i.e., if exercising in the morning or afternoon might bring greater cognitive benefits. A total of 56 participants were allocated to one of two groups with the same baseline cognitive performance as well as fitness level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire—IPAQ): 27 to the morning intervention (M) group; and 29 to the afternoon intervention (A) group. In both groups, the participants engaged in an intermittent recovery test (Yo-yo), 4 times a week for 12 weeks. All participants were assessed with the d2 Test of Attention and the Borg scale of perceived exertion pre- and post- acute and chronic intervention. After the first bout of exercise and after 12 weeks, we observed cognitive improvements both in the M and A groups. Surprisingly, we do not find differences between the time of day regarding cognitive benefits. Our results do not support the existence of a time-of-day effect for the attentional cognitive benefits of exercise. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:52:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3aaa094c45884910b51de3189cadea72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:52:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-3aaa094c45884910b51de3189cadea722023-11-23T16:30:33ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322022-09-01109176610.3390/healthcare10091766Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect?Reinaldo Maeneja0Inês S. Ferreira1Cláudia R. Silva2Ana Maria Abreu3Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Palma de Cima, 1649-023 Lisbon, PortugalFaculty of Social Sciences and Technology, Universidade Europeia, 1500-210 Lisbon, PortugalInstitute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Palma de Cima, 1649-023 Lisbon, PortugalInstitute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Palma de Cima, 1649-023 Lisbon, PortugalIt is well established that physical activity benefits cognition. Further, the time of day one engages in physical activity has been suggested to influence cognition. Here, we aimed to understand if there is a time-of-day effect (morning or afternoon) of physical activity on cognition, i.e., if exercising in the morning or afternoon might bring greater cognitive benefits. A total of 56 participants were allocated to one of two groups with the same baseline cognitive performance as well as fitness level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire—IPAQ): 27 to the morning intervention (M) group; and 29 to the afternoon intervention (A) group. In both groups, the participants engaged in an intermittent recovery test (Yo-yo), 4 times a week for 12 weeks. All participants were assessed with the d2 Test of Attention and the Borg scale of perceived exertion pre- and post- acute and chronic intervention. After the first bout of exercise and after 12 weeks, we observed cognitive improvements both in the M and A groups. Surprisingly, we do not find differences between the time of day regarding cognitive benefits. Our results do not support the existence of a time-of-day effect for the attentional cognitive benefits of exercise.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/9/1766physical activitycognitive benefitstime of day |
| spellingShingle | Reinaldo Maeneja Inês S. Ferreira Cláudia R. Silva Ana Maria Abreu Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? Healthcare physical activity cognitive benefits time of day |
| title | Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? |
| title_full | Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? |
| title_short | Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect? |
| title_sort | cognitive benefits of exercise is there a time of day effect |
| topic | physical activity cognitive benefits time of day |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/9/1766 |
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