Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates
Abstract Background Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted infection, with increasing rates of resistance to fluroquinolones and macrolides, the recommended treatments. Despite this, M. genitalium is not part of routine screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in many...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2020-04-01
|
| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-05019-1 |
| _version_ | 1828763236571283456 |
|---|---|
| author | Tim Hart Wen Ying Tang Siti Aminah bte Mansoor Martin T. W. Chio Timothy Barkham |
| author_facet | Tim Hart Wen Ying Tang Siti Aminah bte Mansoor Martin T. W. Chio Timothy Barkham |
| author_sort | Tim Hart |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted infection, with increasing rates of resistance to fluroquinolones and macrolides, the recommended treatments. Despite this, M. genitalium is not part of routine screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in many countries and the prevalence of infection and patterns of disease remain to be determined in many populations. Such data is of particular importance in light of the reported rise in antibiotic resistance in M. genitalium isolates. Methods Urine and urethral swab samples were collected from the primary public sexual health clinic in Singapore and tested for C. trachomatis (CT) or N. gonorrhoeae (NG) infection and for the presence of M. genitalium. Antibiotic resistance in M. genitalium strains detected was determined by screening for genomic mutations associated with macrolide and fluroquinolone resistance. Results We report the results of a study into M. genitalium prevalence at the national sexual health clinic in Singapore. M. genitalium was heavily associated with CT infection (8.1% of cases), but present in only of 2.4% in CT negative cases and not independently linked to NG infection. Furthermore, we found high rates of resistance mutations to both macrolides (25%) and fluoroquinolones (37.5%) with a majority of resistant strains being dual-resistant. Resistance mutations were only found in strains from patients with CT co-infection. Conclusions Our results support targeted screening of CT positive patients for M. genitalium as a cost-effective strategy to reduce the incidence of M. genitalium in the absence of comprehensive routine screening. The high rate of dual resistance also highlights the need to ensure the availability of alternative antibiotics for the treatment of multi-drug resistant M. genitalium isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:57:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3aad67db183740ad8be0ce5716a5c90b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:57:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-3aad67db183740ad8be0ce5716a5c90b2022-12-22T01:24:35ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342020-04-012011610.1186/s12879-020-05019-1Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance ratesTim Hart0Wen Ying Tang1Siti Aminah bte Mansoor2Martin T. W. Chio3Timothy Barkham4Tan Tock Seng HospitalTan Tock Seng HospitalDepartment of Sexually Transmitted Infections Control ClinicDepartment of Sexually Transmitted Infections Control ClinicTan Tock Seng HospitalAbstract Background Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted infection, with increasing rates of resistance to fluroquinolones and macrolides, the recommended treatments. Despite this, M. genitalium is not part of routine screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in many countries and the prevalence of infection and patterns of disease remain to be determined in many populations. Such data is of particular importance in light of the reported rise in antibiotic resistance in M. genitalium isolates. Methods Urine and urethral swab samples were collected from the primary public sexual health clinic in Singapore and tested for C. trachomatis (CT) or N. gonorrhoeae (NG) infection and for the presence of M. genitalium. Antibiotic resistance in M. genitalium strains detected was determined by screening for genomic mutations associated with macrolide and fluroquinolone resistance. Results We report the results of a study into M. genitalium prevalence at the national sexual health clinic in Singapore. M. genitalium was heavily associated with CT infection (8.1% of cases), but present in only of 2.4% in CT negative cases and not independently linked to NG infection. Furthermore, we found high rates of resistance mutations to both macrolides (25%) and fluoroquinolones (37.5%) with a majority of resistant strains being dual-resistant. Resistance mutations were only found in strains from patients with CT co-infection. Conclusions Our results support targeted screening of CT positive patients for M. genitalium as a cost-effective strategy to reduce the incidence of M. genitalium in the absence of comprehensive routine screening. The high rate of dual resistance also highlights the need to ensure the availability of alternative antibiotics for the treatment of multi-drug resistant M. genitalium isolates.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-05019-1Mycoplasma genitaliumChlamydia trachomatisNeisseria gonorrhoeaSexually transmitted diseasesAntibiotic resistanceSingapore |
| spellingShingle | Tim Hart Wen Ying Tang Siti Aminah bte Mansoor Martin T. W. Chio Timothy Barkham Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates BMC Infectious Diseases Mycoplasma genitalium Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoea Sexually transmitted diseases Antibiotic resistance Singapore |
| title | Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| title_full | Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| title_fullStr | Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| title_short | Mycoplasma genitalium in Singapore is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and Fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| title_sort | mycoplasma genitalium in singapore is associated with chlamydia trachomatis infection and displays high macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance rates |
| topic | Mycoplasma genitalium Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoea Sexually transmitted diseases Antibiotic resistance Singapore |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-020-05019-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT timhart mycoplasmagenitaliuminsingaporeisassociatedwithchlamydiatrachomatisinfectionanddisplayshighmacrolideandfluoroquinoloneresistancerates AT wenyingtang mycoplasmagenitaliuminsingaporeisassociatedwithchlamydiatrachomatisinfectionanddisplayshighmacrolideandfluoroquinoloneresistancerates AT sitiaminahbtemansoor mycoplasmagenitaliuminsingaporeisassociatedwithchlamydiatrachomatisinfectionanddisplayshighmacrolideandfluoroquinoloneresistancerates AT martintwchio mycoplasmagenitaliuminsingaporeisassociatedwithchlamydiatrachomatisinfectionanddisplayshighmacrolideandfluoroquinoloneresistancerates AT timothybarkham mycoplasmagenitaliuminsingaporeisassociatedwithchlamydiatrachomatisinfectionanddisplayshighmacrolideandfluoroquinoloneresistancerates |