Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia
Temesgen Getahun,1 Beksisa Urge,1 Gezahegne Mamo2 1Animal Health Research National Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, A...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/seroprevalence-of-bovine-brucellosis-in-selected-sites-of-central-high-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRR |
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| author | Getahun T Urge B Mamo G |
| author_facet | Getahun T Urge B Mamo G |
| author_sort | Getahun T |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Temesgen Getahun,1 Beksisa Urge,1 Gezahegne Mamo2 1Animal Health Research National Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Oromia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Temesgen Getahun, Tel +251911199867, Email Temesgen.kassa@eiar.gov.et; teme.gete2127@gmail.comBackground: Brucellosis is a contagious, economically significant bacterial disease that affects animals worldwide and is one of the most neglected zoonotic diseases in the world. The disease poses a barrier to the trade of animals and animal products, represents a public health hazard, and is an impediment to free animal movement.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2019 to May 2020 in order to determine seroprevalence and identify potential risk factors for brucellosis in dairy cows in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia with recent cases of abortion. Purposive sampling was carried out on the farms and kebeles in question to screen for recent cases of abortion in dairy cows. For the purpose of performing serological testing, 352 blood samples from dairy cattle were obtained. The Rose Bengal Plate test was used to initially screen the serum samples, and the Complement Fixation test was utilized as a confirmatory test.Results: Using combined RBPT and CFT tests, the overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.16– 2.09). Retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p = 0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p = 0.002), breeding method (OR = 7.58, p = 0.027), and late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p = 0.0002) are all significantly associated risk factors.Conclusion: The present seroprevalence study revealed that brucellosis is prevalent at a lower rate among dairy cattle in the study areas. However, there is a possible risk of brucellosis transmission in dairy cattle and the exposed human population in research locations because no control measures were put in place there. Implementing a test and slaughter method with compensation for farmers is advised due to the low prevalence of bovine brucellosis in government-owned and small-holder farms.Keywords: abortion, bovine brucellosis, risk factors, seroprevalence |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:51:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ab54d33965a4471929614475e57bf3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2230-2034 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:51:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ab54d33965a4471929614475e57bf3a2023-02-16T18:07:27ZengDove Medical PressVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports2230-20342023-02-01Volume 14112281662Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of EthiopiaGetahun TUrge BMamo GTemesgen Getahun,1 Beksisa Urge,1 Gezahegne Mamo2 1Animal Health Research National Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Oromia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Temesgen Getahun, Tel +251911199867, Email Temesgen.kassa@eiar.gov.et; teme.gete2127@gmail.comBackground: Brucellosis is a contagious, economically significant bacterial disease that affects animals worldwide and is one of the most neglected zoonotic diseases in the world. The disease poses a barrier to the trade of animals and animal products, represents a public health hazard, and is an impediment to free animal movement.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2019 to May 2020 in order to determine seroprevalence and identify potential risk factors for brucellosis in dairy cows in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia with recent cases of abortion. Purposive sampling was carried out on the farms and kebeles in question to screen for recent cases of abortion in dairy cows. For the purpose of performing serological testing, 352 blood samples from dairy cattle were obtained. The Rose Bengal Plate test was used to initially screen the serum samples, and the Complement Fixation test was utilized as a confirmatory test.Results: Using combined RBPT and CFT tests, the overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.16– 2.09). Retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p = 0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p = 0.002), breeding method (OR = 7.58, p = 0.027), and late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p = 0.0002) are all significantly associated risk factors.Conclusion: The present seroprevalence study revealed that brucellosis is prevalent at a lower rate among dairy cattle in the study areas. However, there is a possible risk of brucellosis transmission in dairy cattle and the exposed human population in research locations because no control measures were put in place there. Implementing a test and slaughter method with compensation for farmers is advised due to the low prevalence of bovine brucellosis in government-owned and small-holder farms.Keywords: abortion, bovine brucellosis, risk factors, seroprevalencehttps://www.dovepress.com/seroprevalence-of-bovine-brucellosis-in-selected-sites-of-central-high-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRRabortionbovine brucellosisrisk factorsseroprevalence |
| spellingShingle | Getahun T Urge B Mamo G Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports abortion bovine brucellosis risk factors seroprevalence |
| title | Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia |
| title_full | Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia |
| title_short | Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Sites of Central Highland of Ethiopia |
| title_sort | seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in selected sites of central highland of ethiopia |
| topic | abortion bovine brucellosis risk factors seroprevalence |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/seroprevalence-of-bovine-brucellosis-in-selected-sites-of-central-high-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRR |
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