Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Background and Objective Lockdown, social confinement, and the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic have increased mental health disorders and affected sleep disorders, especially insomnia. This study aims to explain the prevalence of insomnia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Surakarta, In...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Sleep Medicine
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Sleep Medicine Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://sleepmedres.org/upload/pdf/smr-2023-01613.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827899376794599424 |
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| author | Setiyo Purwanto Mahadir Ahmad Zaini Said Nisa Rachmah Nur Anganthi Yuli Kusumawati Siti Zulaekah |
| author_facet | Setiyo Purwanto Mahadir Ahmad Zaini Said Nisa Rachmah Nur Anganthi Yuli Kusumawati Siti Zulaekah |
| author_sort | Setiyo Purwanto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objective Lockdown, social confinement, and the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic have increased mental health disorders and affected sleep disorders, especially insomnia. This study aims to explain the prevalence of insomnia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Surakarta, Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted twice in Surakarta city. The survey was conducted before the pandemic with 456 participants and during the pandemic with 1254 participants. All participants were selected using the purposive sampling method with criteria of age 15–44 years and having sleep problems. The online questionnaire of the Insomnia Severity Index Indonesian version (ISI–INA) was used to collect insomnia data. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v25 by a descriptive test and Mann–Whitney test. Results The mean total ISI–INA scores before and during the pandemic were 13.83 and 12.54. Surveys found that the participants who suffered from subthreshold insomnia, moderate, and severe insomnia before the pandemic were 45.6%, 41.2%, and 5%, respectively, while during the pandemic 42.1%, 35%, and 3.5%, respectively. There was a difference between before and during the pandemic in the mean total ISI scores, severity of insomnia, difficulty in falling asleep and maintaining sleep, waking up too early, sleep dissatisfaction, noticeability of sleep problems by others, and interference of sleep problems with daytime activities (p < 0.05), while there was no difference in the worried about sleep problems (p > 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic is lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of insomnia remains relatively high, so gradual and continuous intervention is needed to overcome insomnia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:17:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3abb2c61bbbc43149850d61440322a2c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2093-9175 2233-8853 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:17:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Sleep Medicine |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sleep Medicine Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-3abb2c61bbbc43149850d61440322a2c2023-07-17T04:50:07ZengKorean Society of Sleep MedicineSleep Medicine Research2093-91752233-88532023-06-01142808710.17241/smr.2023.01613237Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 PandemicSetiyo Purwanto0Mahadir Ahmad1Zaini Said2Nisa Rachmah Nur Anganthi3Yuli Kusumawati4Siti Zulaekah5 Clinical Psychology Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Clinical Psychology Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Clinical Psychology Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, IndonesiaBackground and Objective Lockdown, social confinement, and the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic have increased mental health disorders and affected sleep disorders, especially insomnia. This study aims to explain the prevalence of insomnia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Surakarta, Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted twice in Surakarta city. The survey was conducted before the pandemic with 456 participants and during the pandemic with 1254 participants. All participants were selected using the purposive sampling method with criteria of age 15–44 years and having sleep problems. The online questionnaire of the Insomnia Severity Index Indonesian version (ISI–INA) was used to collect insomnia data. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v25 by a descriptive test and Mann–Whitney test. Results The mean total ISI–INA scores before and during the pandemic were 13.83 and 12.54. Surveys found that the participants who suffered from subthreshold insomnia, moderate, and severe insomnia before the pandemic were 45.6%, 41.2%, and 5%, respectively, while during the pandemic 42.1%, 35%, and 3.5%, respectively. There was a difference between before and during the pandemic in the mean total ISI scores, severity of insomnia, difficulty in falling asleep and maintaining sleep, waking up too early, sleep dissatisfaction, noticeability of sleep problems by others, and interference of sleep problems with daytime activities (p < 0.05), while there was no difference in the worried about sleep problems (p > 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic is lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of insomnia remains relatively high, so gradual and continuous intervention is needed to overcome insomnia.http://sleepmedres.org/upload/pdf/smr-2023-01613.pdfcovid-19insomniaprevalencepandemic |
| spellingShingle | Setiyo Purwanto Mahadir Ahmad Zaini Said Nisa Rachmah Nur Anganthi Yuli Kusumawati Siti Zulaekah Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Sleep Medicine Research covid-19 insomnia prevalence pandemic |
| title | Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | Prevalence of Insomnia at Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | prevalence of insomnia at before and during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | covid-19 insomnia prevalence pandemic |
| url | http://sleepmedres.org/upload/pdf/smr-2023-01613.pdf |
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