Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth

The mechanisms involved in the failure of an adult brain to regenerate post-lesion remain poorly understood. The reactive gliosis which occurs after an injury to the CNS and leads to the glial scar has been considered as one of the major impediments to neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration. A gl...

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Main Author: TARDY MARCIENNE
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academia Brasileira de Ciências 2002-01-01
Series:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652002000400009
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author TARDY MARCIENNE
author_facet TARDY MARCIENNE
author_sort TARDY MARCIENNE
collection DOAJ
description The mechanisms involved in the failure of an adult brain to regenerate post-lesion remain poorly understood. The reactive gliosis which occurs after an injury to the CNS and leads to the glial scar has been considered as one of the major impediments to neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration. A glial scar consists mainly of reactive, hypertrophic astrocytes. These reactive cells acquire new properties, leading to A non-permissive support for neurons. Astrogial reactivity is mainly characteriized by a high overexpression of the major component of the gliofilaments, the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This GFAP overexpression is related to the astroglial morphological response to injury. We hypothesized that modulation of GFAP synthesis, reversing the hypertrophic phenotype, might also reverse the blockage of neuritic outgrowth observed after a lesion. In this article, we review findings of our group, confirming our hypothesis in a model of lesioned neuron-astrocyte cocultures. We demonstrate that permissivity for neuritic outgrowth is related to phenotypic changes induced in reactive astrocytes transfected by antisense GFAP-mRNA. We also found that this permissivity was related to a neuron-regulated extracellular laminin bioavailability.
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spelling doaj.art-3abb8b61be3747d9980e92c0f785efb92022-12-21T17:34:21ZengAcademia Brasileira de CiênciasAnais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências0001-37651678-26902002-01-01744683690Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowthTARDY MARCIENNEThe mechanisms involved in the failure of an adult brain to regenerate post-lesion remain poorly understood. The reactive gliosis which occurs after an injury to the CNS and leads to the glial scar has been considered as one of the major impediments to neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration. A glial scar consists mainly of reactive, hypertrophic astrocytes. These reactive cells acquire new properties, leading to A non-permissive support for neurons. Astrogial reactivity is mainly characteriized by a high overexpression of the major component of the gliofilaments, the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This GFAP overexpression is related to the astroglial morphological response to injury. We hypothesized that modulation of GFAP synthesis, reversing the hypertrophic phenotype, might also reverse the blockage of neuritic outgrowth observed after a lesion. In this article, we review findings of our group, confirming our hypothesis in a model of lesioned neuron-astrocyte cocultures. We demonstrate that permissivity for neuritic outgrowth is related to phenotypic changes induced in reactive astrocytes transfected by antisense GFAP-mRNA. We also found that this permissivity was related to a neuron-regulated extracellular laminin bioavailability.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652002000400009astrogliosisneuro-glia interactionsneurite outgrowthneuronal migrationlamininmetalloproteinases
spellingShingle TARDY MARCIENNE
Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
astrogliosis
neuro-glia interactions
neurite outgrowth
neuronal migration
laminin
metalloproteinases
title Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
title_full Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
title_fullStr Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
title_full_unstemmed Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
title_short Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
title_sort role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth
topic astrogliosis
neuro-glia interactions
neurite outgrowth
neuronal migration
laminin
metalloproteinases
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652002000400009
work_keys_str_mv AT tardymarcienne roleoflamininbioavailabilityintheastroglialpermissivityforneuriticoutgrowth