<i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi
Ectomycorrhizae are classified as biotechnology to increase the sustainability of planted forests, and fieldwork is needed to confirm its effectiveness. The growth of rooted cuttings of <i>Eucalyptus</i> clones GG100 and GG680, which had been previously inoculated in the nursery with ect...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1204 |
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| author | Lidiomar Soares da Costa Paulo Henrique Grazziotti Arley José Fonseca Débora Cíntia dos Santos Avelar Márcio José Rossi Enilson de Barros Silva Eliane Cristine Soares da Costa Danielle Cristina Fonseca Santos Grazziotti Carla Ragonezi |
| author_facet | Lidiomar Soares da Costa Paulo Henrique Grazziotti Arley José Fonseca Débora Cíntia dos Santos Avelar Márcio José Rossi Enilson de Barros Silva Eliane Cristine Soares da Costa Danielle Cristina Fonseca Santos Grazziotti Carla Ragonezi |
| author_sort | Lidiomar Soares da Costa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ectomycorrhizae are classified as biotechnology to increase the sustainability of planted forests, and fieldwork is needed to confirm its effectiveness. The growth of rooted cuttings of <i>Eucalyptus</i> clones GG100 and GG680, which had been previously inoculated in the nursery with ectomycorrhizal fungi, was evaluated after planting them in the field. The ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) inoculated were: <i>Pisolithus microcarpus</i>, <i>Hysterangium gardneri,</i> or <i>Scleroderma areolatum</i>. Uninoculated rooted cuttings were used as controls. The inoculated treatments and the uninoculated controls (low P control) were grown in a nursery with reduced phosphate fertilization. Additionally, uninoculated controls were grown on a substrate with complete phosphate nursery fertilization (high P control). After two months, the plant height of clone GG100 inoculated with <i>P. microcarpus</i> was 16% taller and of clone GG680 13% higher than the low P control treatment. At the same time, the collar diameter of the plants inoculated with <i>H. gardneri</i> and <i>P. microcarpus</i> was the same as in the high P control. At 12 months, the growth of the inoculated and low P control plants was the same as in the high P control. For ectomycorrhizal colonization, after six months, the mean percentage of colonized root tips was highest in plants inoculated with <i>S. areolatum</i>, followed by those inoculated with <i>P. microcarpus</i> and of the low P control. After one year, ECM colonization was equal in all treatments and 4.3 times greater than it was at 6 months. Inoculation with ECM fungi in the nursery boosts early plant growth after transfer to the field, although the effect depends on the specific ectomycorrhizal fungus and the clone. Further ectomycorrhizal colonization of <i>Eucalyptus</i> occurs naturally and increases with tree development in the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3abc5a61dcec40b7a0b966fba4b1dd10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3abc5a61dcec40b7a0b966fba4b1dd102023-11-23T09:44:21ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-05-01125120410.3390/agronomy12051204<i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal FungiLidiomar Soares da Costa0Paulo Henrique Grazziotti1Arley José Fonseca2Débora Cíntia dos Santos Avelar3Márcio José Rossi4Enilson de Barros Silva5Eliane Cristine Soares da Costa6Danielle Cristina Fonseca Santos Grazziotti7Carla Ragonezi8Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo 38500-000, Minas Gerais, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Plant Production, Forest Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina 39100-000, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Plant Production, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina 39100-000, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Plant Production, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina 39100-000, Minas Gerais, BrazilFaculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14883-125, São Paulo, BrazilInstituto de Desenvolvimento do Norte e Nordeste de Minas Gerais, Diamantina 39100-000, Minas Gerais, BrazilISOPlexis Center, Campus da Penteada, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, PortugalEctomycorrhizae are classified as biotechnology to increase the sustainability of planted forests, and fieldwork is needed to confirm its effectiveness. The growth of rooted cuttings of <i>Eucalyptus</i> clones GG100 and GG680, which had been previously inoculated in the nursery with ectomycorrhizal fungi, was evaluated after planting them in the field. The ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) inoculated were: <i>Pisolithus microcarpus</i>, <i>Hysterangium gardneri,</i> or <i>Scleroderma areolatum</i>. Uninoculated rooted cuttings were used as controls. The inoculated treatments and the uninoculated controls (low P control) were grown in a nursery with reduced phosphate fertilization. Additionally, uninoculated controls were grown on a substrate with complete phosphate nursery fertilization (high P control). After two months, the plant height of clone GG100 inoculated with <i>P. microcarpus</i> was 16% taller and of clone GG680 13% higher than the low P control treatment. At the same time, the collar diameter of the plants inoculated with <i>H. gardneri</i> and <i>P. microcarpus</i> was the same as in the high P control. At 12 months, the growth of the inoculated and low P control plants was the same as in the high P control. For ectomycorrhizal colonization, after six months, the mean percentage of colonized root tips was highest in plants inoculated with <i>S. areolatum</i>, followed by those inoculated with <i>P. microcarpus</i> and of the low P control. After one year, ECM colonization was equal in all treatments and 4.3 times greater than it was at 6 months. Inoculation with ECM fungi in the nursery boosts early plant growth after transfer to the field, although the effect depends on the specific ectomycorrhizal fungus and the clone. Further ectomycorrhizal colonization of <i>Eucalyptus</i> occurs naturally and increases with tree development in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1204commercial plantationforest soilssustainabilitycoal production |
| spellingShingle | Lidiomar Soares da Costa Paulo Henrique Grazziotti Arley José Fonseca Débora Cíntia dos Santos Avelar Márcio José Rossi Enilson de Barros Silva Eliane Cristine Soares da Costa Danielle Cristina Fonseca Santos Grazziotti Carla Ragonezi <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Agronomy commercial plantation forest soils sustainability coal production |
| title | <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi |
| title_full | <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi |
| title_fullStr | <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi |
| title_short | <i>Eucalyptus</i> Field Growth and Colonization of Clones Pre-Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi |
| title_sort | i eucalyptus i field growth and colonization of clones pre inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi |
| topic | commercial plantation forest soils sustainability coal production |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1204 |
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