Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion
The presence of potentially toxic elements in drinking water can be dangerous for human health because of their bioaccumulation and toxicity, which is a huge concern for many researchers. In the case of bottled water, the exposure to toxic elements is achieved, especially by ingestion, leading to di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/10/1407 |
| _version_ | 1797499892670660608 |
|---|---|
| author | Elena L. Ungureanu Alexandru D. Soare Andreea L. Mocanu Sorin C. Iorga Gabriel Mustatea Mona Elena Popa |
| author_facet | Elena L. Ungureanu Alexandru D. Soare Andreea L. Mocanu Sorin C. Iorga Gabriel Mustatea Mona Elena Popa |
| author_sort | Elena L. Ungureanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of potentially toxic elements in drinking water can be dangerous for human health because of their bioaccumulation and toxicity, which is a huge concern for many researchers. In the case of bottled water, the exposure to toxic elements is achieved, especially by ingestion, leading to disorders of important functions of the human body. The aim of this study was the detection of some potentially toxic elements, from 50 samples of bottled drinking water, available on the Romanian market. Based on obtained concentrations, an assessment of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was performed. The concentrations of potentially toxic elements analyzed were below the maximum allowable limits, for all contaminants, excluding Pb and Fe. Moreover, the results of total risk via ingestion, showed that 30% of samples had an Hazard Quotient (HQ) < 1, and 70% had an HQ > 1; which implies a potential risk following the consumption of those samples. Concerning total cancer risk, 28% of the samples are in the acceptable level, while 72% of the samples are considered harmful and can lead to a type of cancer after repeated exposure. The study concluded that long term use of bottled water of poor quality may pose a hazard to human health; it is helpful for inhabitants to avoid ingestion of contaminated water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:53:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ad4eca50ba145fdbcd0bcb0948d976f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:53:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ad4eca50ba145fdbcd0bcb0948d976f2023-11-23T10:58:41ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582022-05-011110140710.3390/foods11101407Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via IngestionElena L. Ungureanu0Alexandru D. Soare1Andreea L. Mocanu2Sorin C. Iorga3Gabriel Mustatea4Mona Elena Popa5National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, RomaniaThe presence of potentially toxic elements in drinking water can be dangerous for human health because of their bioaccumulation and toxicity, which is a huge concern for many researchers. In the case of bottled water, the exposure to toxic elements is achieved, especially by ingestion, leading to disorders of important functions of the human body. The aim of this study was the detection of some potentially toxic elements, from 50 samples of bottled drinking water, available on the Romanian market. Based on obtained concentrations, an assessment of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was performed. The concentrations of potentially toxic elements analyzed were below the maximum allowable limits, for all contaminants, excluding Pb and Fe. Moreover, the results of total risk via ingestion, showed that 30% of samples had an Hazard Quotient (HQ) < 1, and 70% had an HQ > 1; which implies a potential risk following the consumption of those samples. Concerning total cancer risk, 28% of the samples are in the acceptable level, while 72% of the samples are considered harmful and can lead to a type of cancer after repeated exposure. The study concluded that long term use of bottled water of poor quality may pose a hazard to human health; it is helpful for inhabitants to avoid ingestion of contaminated water.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/10/1407water qualitybottled waterpotentially toxic elementsrisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Elena L. Ungureanu Alexandru D. Soare Andreea L. Mocanu Sorin C. Iorga Gabriel Mustatea Mona Elena Popa Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion Foods water quality bottled water potentially toxic elements risk assessment |
| title | Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion |
| title_full | Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion |
| title_short | Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Elements in Bottled Drinking Water—Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks Assessment in Adults via Ingestion |
| title_sort | occurrence of potentially toxic elements in bottled drinking water carcinogenic and non carcinogenic risks assessment in adults via ingestion |
| topic | water quality bottled water potentially toxic elements risk assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/10/1407 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elenalungureanu occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion AT alexandrudsoare occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion AT andreealmocanu occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion AT sorinciorga occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion AT gabrielmustatea occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion AT monaelenapopa occurrenceofpotentiallytoxicelementsinbottleddrinkingwatercarcinogenicandnoncarcinogenicrisksassessmentinadultsviaingestion |