Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs
Abstract Hybrid coupling systems consisting of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a promising platform to explore exciton–plasmon polaritons. However, the requisite cavity/resonator for strong coupling introduces extra complexities and challenges for...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Nanoscale Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7 |
| _version_ | 1797725037867827200 |
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| author | Yipei Wang Aoning Luo Chunyan Zhu Zhiyong Li Xiaoqin Wu |
| author_facet | Yipei Wang Aoning Luo Chunyan Zhu Zhiyong Li Xiaoqin Wu |
| author_sort | Yipei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Hybrid coupling systems consisting of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a promising platform to explore exciton–plasmon polaritons. However, the requisite cavity/resonator for strong coupling introduces extra complexities and challenges for waveguiding applications. Alternatively, plasmonic nano-waveguides can also be utilized to provide a non-resonant approach for strong coupling, while their utility is limited by the plasmonic confinement-loss and confinement-momentum trade-offs. Here, based on a cavity-free approach, we overcome these constraints by theoretically strong coupling of a monolayer TMD to a single metal nanowire, generating ultra-confined propagating exciton–plasmon polaritons (PEPPs) that beat the plasmonic trade-offs. By leveraging strong-coupling-induced reformations in energy distribution and combining favorable properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and excitons, the generated PEPPs feature ultra-deep subwavelength confinement (down to 1-nm level with mode areas ~ 10–4 of λ 2), long propagation length (up to ~ 60 µm), tunable dispersion with versatile mode characters (SPP- and exciton-like mode characters), and small momentum mismatch to free-space photons. With the capability to overcome the trade-offs of SPPs and the compatibility for waveguiding applications, our theoretical results suggest an attractive guided-wave platform to manipulate exciton–plasmon interactions at the ultra-deep subwavelength scale, opening new horizons for waveguiding nano-polaritonic components and devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:25:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3adc88519ab44acab6e7d212800c4cf0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1556-276X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:25:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanoscale Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-3adc88519ab44acab6e7d212800c4cf02023-09-02T09:45:40ZengSpringerOpenNanoscale Research Letters1556-276X2022-11-0117111210.1186/s11671-022-03748-7Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-OffsYipei Wang0Aoning Luo1Chunyan Zhu2Zhiyong Li3Xiaoqin Wu4Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing UniversityKey Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing UniversityKey Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing UniversityState Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing UniversityAbstract Hybrid coupling systems consisting of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a promising platform to explore exciton–plasmon polaritons. However, the requisite cavity/resonator for strong coupling introduces extra complexities and challenges for waveguiding applications. Alternatively, plasmonic nano-waveguides can also be utilized to provide a non-resonant approach for strong coupling, while their utility is limited by the plasmonic confinement-loss and confinement-momentum trade-offs. Here, based on a cavity-free approach, we overcome these constraints by theoretically strong coupling of a monolayer TMD to a single metal nanowire, generating ultra-confined propagating exciton–plasmon polaritons (PEPPs) that beat the plasmonic trade-offs. By leveraging strong-coupling-induced reformations in energy distribution and combining favorable properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and excitons, the generated PEPPs feature ultra-deep subwavelength confinement (down to 1-nm level with mode areas ~ 10–4 of λ 2), long propagation length (up to ~ 60 µm), tunable dispersion with versatile mode characters (SPP- and exciton-like mode characters), and small momentum mismatch to free-space photons. With the capability to overcome the trade-offs of SPPs and the compatibility for waveguiding applications, our theoretical results suggest an attractive guided-wave platform to manipulate exciton–plasmon interactions at the ultra-deep subwavelength scale, opening new horizons for waveguiding nano-polaritonic components and devices.https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7Strong couplingExciton–plasmon polaritonsWaveguidingTransition metal dichalcogenidesMetal nanowires |
| spellingShingle | Yipei Wang Aoning Luo Chunyan Zhu Zhiyong Li Xiaoqin Wu Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs Nanoscale Research Letters Strong coupling Exciton–plasmon polaritons Waveguiding Transition metal dichalcogenides Metal nanowires |
| title | Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs |
| title_full | Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs |
| title_fullStr | Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs |
| title_short | Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton–Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs |
| title_sort | ultra confined propagating exciton plasmon polaritons enabled by cavity free strong coupling beating plasmonic trade offs |
| topic | Strong coupling Exciton–plasmon polaritons Waveguiding Transition metal dichalcogenides Metal nanowires |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7 |
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