Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming
Plant molecular farming can provide humans with a wide variety of plant-based products including vaccines, therapeutics, polymers, industrial enzymes, and more. Some of these products, such as Taxol, are produced by endogenous plant genes, while many others require addition of genes by artificial ge...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/18/2436 |
| _version_ | 1797483389084762112 |
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| author | Amy L. Klocko |
| author_facet | Amy L. Klocko |
| author_sort | Amy L. Klocko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant molecular farming can provide humans with a wide variety of plant-based products including vaccines, therapeutics, polymers, industrial enzymes, and more. Some of these products, such as Taxol, are produced by endogenous plant genes, while many others require addition of genes by artificial gene transfer. Thus, some molecular farming plants are transgenic (or cisgenic), while others are not. Both the transgenic nature of many molecular farming plants and the fact that the products generated are of high-value and specific in purpose mean it is essential to prevent accidental cross-over of molecular farming plants and products into food or feed. Such mingling could occur either by gene flow during plant growth and harvest or by human errors in material handling. One simple approach to mitigate possible transfer would be to use only non-food non-feed species for molecular farming purposes. However, given the extent of molecular farming products in development, testing, or approval that do utilize food or feed crops, a ban on use of these species would be challenging to implement. Therefore, other approaches will need to be considered for mitigation of cross-flow between molecular farming and non-molecular-farming plants. This review summarized some of the production systems available for molecular farming purposes and options to implement or improve plant containment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:46:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3adf895fd3494dd6bb8933b3c0b3ad19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:46:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3adf895fd3494dd6bb8933b3c0b3ad192023-11-23T18:27:53ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-09-011118243610.3390/plants11182436Genetic Containment for Molecular FarmingAmy L. Klocko0Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USAPlant molecular farming can provide humans with a wide variety of plant-based products including vaccines, therapeutics, polymers, industrial enzymes, and more. Some of these products, such as Taxol, are produced by endogenous plant genes, while many others require addition of genes by artificial gene transfer. Thus, some molecular farming plants are transgenic (or cisgenic), while others are not. Both the transgenic nature of many molecular farming plants and the fact that the products generated are of high-value and specific in purpose mean it is essential to prevent accidental cross-over of molecular farming plants and products into food or feed. Such mingling could occur either by gene flow during plant growth and harvest or by human errors in material handling. One simple approach to mitigate possible transfer would be to use only non-food non-feed species for molecular farming purposes. However, given the extent of molecular farming products in development, testing, or approval that do utilize food or feed crops, a ban on use of these species would be challenging to implement. Therefore, other approaches will need to be considered for mitigation of cross-flow between molecular farming and non-molecular-farming plants. This review summarized some of the production systems available for molecular farming purposes and options to implement or improve plant containment.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/18/2436molecular farmingplant expression systemsgene flowtransgenic plantsbiopharmaceuticalsgenetic modification |
| spellingShingle | Amy L. Klocko Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming Plants molecular farming plant expression systems gene flow transgenic plants biopharmaceuticals genetic modification |
| title | Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming |
| title_full | Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming |
| title_short | Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming |
| title_sort | genetic containment for molecular farming |
| topic | molecular farming plant expression systems gene flow transgenic plants biopharmaceuticals genetic modification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/18/2436 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amylklocko geneticcontainmentformolecularfarming |