Novel immunotherapeutic options for BCG‐unresponsive high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer

Novel immunotherapeutic options for BCG‐unresponsive high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer

Abstract Background High‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (HR‐NMIBC) presents a challenge to many physicians due to its ability to resist Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) intravesical therapy and the substantial rate of progression into muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Patients who are BC...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zein Alabdin Hannouneh, Amjad Hijazi, Alaa Aldeen Alsaleem, Siwan Hami, Nina Kheyrbek, Fadi Tanous, Karam Khaddour, Abdulfattah Abbas, Zuheir Alshehabi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-12-01
Series:Cancer Medicine
Subjects:
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive
gene therapy
immune checkpoint inhibitors
immunotherapy
non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
oncolytic viral therapy
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6768

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