Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia
Background Patients with schizophrenia are a high-risk population due to higher prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities that contribute to shorter life expectancy.Purpose To investigate patients with and without schizophrenia experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Open Heart |
| Online Access: | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/7/2/e001286.full |
| _version_ | 1818460286863015936 |
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| author | Pontus Andell Sasha Koul Tomas Jernberg Christoffer Polcwiartek David Erlinge Rubina Attar Axel Wester Svend Eggert |
| author_facet | Pontus Andell Sasha Koul Tomas Jernberg Christoffer Polcwiartek David Erlinge Rubina Attar Axel Wester Svend Eggert |
| author_sort | Pontus Andell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Patients with schizophrenia are a high-risk population due to higher prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities that contribute to shorter life expectancy.Purpose To investigate patients with and without schizophrenia experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in relation to guideline recommended in-hospital management, discharge medications and 5-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE: composite of all-cause mortality, rehospitalisation for reinfarction, stroke or heart failure).Methods All patients with schizophrenia who experienced AMI during 2000–2018 were identified (n=1008) from the nationwide Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies registry and compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia (n=2 85 325). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression models were used to compare the populations.Results Patients with schizophrenia presented with AMI approximately 10 years earlier (median age 64 vs 73 years), and had higher prevalences of diabetes, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. They were less likely to be invasively investigated or discharged with aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers and statins (all p<0.005). AMI patients with schizophrenia had higher adjusted risk of MACE (aHR=2.05, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.58), mortality (aHR=2.38, 95% CI 1.84 to 3.09) and hospitalisation for heart failure (aHR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86) compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia.Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia experienced an AMI almost 10 years earlier than patients without schizophrenia. They less often underwent invasive procedures and were less likely to be treated with guideline recommended medications at discharge, and had more than doubled risk of MACE and all-cause mortality. Improved primary and secondary preventive measures, including adherence to guideline recommendations, are warranted and may improve outcome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:27:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3aed69b48e2f4cc894de9575a6f79b98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-3624 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:27:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Heart |
| spelling | doaj.art-3aed69b48e2f4cc894de9575a6f79b982022-12-21T22:43:46ZengBMJ Publishing GroupOpen Heart2053-36242020-12-017210.1136/openhrt-2020-001286Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophreniaPontus Andell0Sasha Koul1Tomas Jernberg2Christoffer Polcwiartek3David Erlinge4Rubina Attar5Axel Wester6Svend Eggert7Cardiology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SwedenCardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden7 Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark 3 Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Cardiology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SwedenCardiology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SwedenCardiology and Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, DenmarkBackground Patients with schizophrenia are a high-risk population due to higher prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities that contribute to shorter life expectancy.Purpose To investigate patients with and without schizophrenia experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in relation to guideline recommended in-hospital management, discharge medications and 5-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE: composite of all-cause mortality, rehospitalisation for reinfarction, stroke or heart failure).Methods All patients with schizophrenia who experienced AMI during 2000–2018 were identified (n=1008) from the nationwide Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies registry and compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia (n=2 85 325). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression models were used to compare the populations.Results Patients with schizophrenia presented with AMI approximately 10 years earlier (median age 64 vs 73 years), and had higher prevalences of diabetes, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. They were less likely to be invasively investigated or discharged with aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers and statins (all p<0.005). AMI patients with schizophrenia had higher adjusted risk of MACE (aHR=2.05, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.58), mortality (aHR=2.38, 95% CI 1.84 to 3.09) and hospitalisation for heart failure (aHR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86) compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia.Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia experienced an AMI almost 10 years earlier than patients without schizophrenia. They less often underwent invasive procedures and were less likely to be treated with guideline recommended medications at discharge, and had more than doubled risk of MACE and all-cause mortality. Improved primary and secondary preventive measures, including adherence to guideline recommendations, are warranted and may improve outcome.https://openheart.bmj.com/content/7/2/e001286.full |
| spellingShingle | Pontus Andell Sasha Koul Tomas Jernberg Christoffer Polcwiartek David Erlinge Rubina Attar Axel Wester Svend Eggert Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia Open Heart |
| title | Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| title_full | Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| title_fullStr | Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| title_short | Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| title_sort | higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia |
| url | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/7/2/e001286.full |
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