The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community
The contribution of the mycorrhizospheric microbes in a stand of ectomycorrhizal Norway spruce (Picea abies) featuring mycorrhiza with the basidiomycete Tricholoma vaccinum was addressed by microbiome analysis and in vitro reconstruction of microbial as well as plant-microbe interactions. The protec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00307/full |
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| author | Katharina Wagner Katrin Krause Ramses Gallegos-Monterrosa Dominik Sammer Ákos T. Kovács Erika Kothe |
| author_facet | Katharina Wagner Katrin Krause Ramses Gallegos-Monterrosa Dominik Sammer Ákos T. Kovács Erika Kothe |
| author_sort | Katharina Wagner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The contribution of the mycorrhizospheric microbes in a stand of ectomycorrhizal Norway spruce (Picea abies) featuring mycorrhiza with the basidiomycete Tricholoma vaccinum was addressed by microbiome analysis and in vitro reconstruction of microbial as well as plant-microbe interactions. The protective role of the mycorrhizal fungus with respect to pathogen attack could be validated against Botrytis cinerea and Heterobasidion annosum in co-cultures revealing reduced pathogen growth, higher survival rate of the spruce trees and reduced symptoms on needles upon symbiosis with T. vaccinum. The community structure was shown to yield a high diversity in ECM forming basidiomycetes of Thelephorales and Agaricales associated with a rich bacterial diversity dominated by Rhizobiales with the most abundant Nitrobacter winogradski (3.9%). Isolated bacteria were then used to address plant growth promoting abilities, which included production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (performed by 74% of the bacterial isolates), siderophores (22%), and phosphate mobilization (23%). Among the isolates, mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) were identified, with Bacillus cereus MRZ-1 inducing hyperbranching in T. vaccinum, supporting tree germination, shoot elongation, and root formation as well as higher mycorrhization rates. Thus, a huge pool of potential MHB and fungal community with widely distributed auxin-production potential extended the ability of T. vaccinum to form ectomycorrhiza. The forest community profited from the mycorrhizal fungus T. vaccinum, with spruce survival enhanced by 33% in microcosms using soil from the native habitat. A higher fungal abundance and diversity in cases where the tree had died during the experiment, showing that decomposition of plant litter from a dead tree supported a different community. T. vaccinum thus actively structured the community of microorganisms in its habitat. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:24:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3af59cf83fef407e8a1c9f29bb2348a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:24:10Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3af59cf83fef407e8a1c9f29bb2348a52022-12-22T01:02:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-02-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.00307427271The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic CommunityKatharina Wagner0Katrin Krause1Ramses Gallegos-Monterrosa2Dominik Sammer3Ákos T. Kovács4Erika Kothe5Microbial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyMicrobial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyTerrestrial Biofilms Group, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyMicrobial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyTerrestrial Biofilms Group, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyMicrobial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyThe contribution of the mycorrhizospheric microbes in a stand of ectomycorrhizal Norway spruce (Picea abies) featuring mycorrhiza with the basidiomycete Tricholoma vaccinum was addressed by microbiome analysis and in vitro reconstruction of microbial as well as plant-microbe interactions. The protective role of the mycorrhizal fungus with respect to pathogen attack could be validated against Botrytis cinerea and Heterobasidion annosum in co-cultures revealing reduced pathogen growth, higher survival rate of the spruce trees and reduced symptoms on needles upon symbiosis with T. vaccinum. The community structure was shown to yield a high diversity in ECM forming basidiomycetes of Thelephorales and Agaricales associated with a rich bacterial diversity dominated by Rhizobiales with the most abundant Nitrobacter winogradski (3.9%). Isolated bacteria were then used to address plant growth promoting abilities, which included production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (performed by 74% of the bacterial isolates), siderophores (22%), and phosphate mobilization (23%). Among the isolates, mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) were identified, with Bacillus cereus MRZ-1 inducing hyperbranching in T. vaccinum, supporting tree germination, shoot elongation, and root formation as well as higher mycorrhization rates. Thus, a huge pool of potential MHB and fungal community with widely distributed auxin-production potential extended the ability of T. vaccinum to form ectomycorrhiza. The forest community profited from the mycorrhizal fungus T. vaccinum, with spruce survival enhanced by 33% in microcosms using soil from the native habitat. A higher fungal abundance and diversity in cases where the tree had died during the experiment, showing that decomposition of plant litter from a dead tree supported a different community. T. vaccinum thus actively structured the community of microorganisms in its habitat.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00307/fullectomycorrhizacommunitymicrocosmindole-3-acetic acidTricholomaplant growth promoting bacteria |
| spellingShingle | Katharina Wagner Katrin Krause Ramses Gallegos-Monterrosa Dominik Sammer Ákos T. Kovács Erika Kothe The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community Frontiers in Microbiology ectomycorrhiza community microcosm indole-3-acetic acid Tricholoma plant growth promoting bacteria |
| title | The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community |
| title_full | The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community |
| title_fullStr | The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community |
| title_short | The Ectomycorrhizospheric Habitat of Norway Spruce and Tricholoma vaccinum: Promotion of Plant Growth and Fitness by a Rich Microorganismic Community |
| title_sort | ectomycorrhizospheric habitat of norway spruce and tricholoma vaccinum promotion of plant growth and fitness by a rich microorganismic community |
| topic | ectomycorrhiza community microcosm indole-3-acetic acid Tricholoma plant growth promoting bacteria |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00307/full |
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