Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS
In this work, the metabolism behavior of mequindox (MEQ) in sea cucumber in vivo was investigated using LC-HRMS. In total, nine metabolites were detected and identified as well as the precursor in sea cucumber tissues. The metabolic pathways of MEQ in sea cucumber mainly include hydrogenation reduct...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1599 |
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| author | Xin Mao Xiaozhen Zhou Jun He Gongzhen Liu Huihui Liu Han Zhao Pengjie Luo Yongning Wu Yanshen Li |
| author_facet | Xin Mao Xiaozhen Zhou Jun He Gongzhen Liu Huihui Liu Han Zhao Pengjie Luo Yongning Wu Yanshen Li |
| author_sort | Xin Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, the metabolism behavior of mequindox (MEQ) in sea cucumber in vivo was investigated using LC-HRMS. In total, nine metabolites were detected and identified as well as the precursor in sea cucumber tissues. The metabolic pathways of MEQ in sea cucumber mainly include hydrogenation reduction, deoxidation, carboxylation, deacetylation, and combinations thereof. The most predominant metabolites of MEQ in sea cucumber are 2-iso-BDMEQ and 2-iso-1-DMEQ, with deoxidation and carbonyl reduction as major metabolic pathways. In particular, this work first reported 3-methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid (MQCA) as a metabolite of MEQ, and carboxylation is a major metabolic pathway of MEQ in sea cucumber. This work revealed that the metabolism of MEQ in marine animals is different from that in land animals. The metabolism results in this work could facilitate the accurate risk assessment of MEQ in sea cucumber and related marine foods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b05f6905e0b4bd88549d6565d3eb31d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b05f6905e0b4bd88549d6565d3eb31d2023-11-24T07:30:24ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-11-011111159910.3390/antibiotics11111599Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMSXin Mao0Xiaozhen Zhou1Jun He2Gongzhen Liu3Huihui Liu4Han Zhao5Pengjie Luo6Yongning Wu7Yanshen Li8Department of Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaDepartment of Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaDepartment of Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaCollege of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, ChinaShandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, ChinaDepartment of Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100017, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100017, ChinaDepartment of Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, ChinaIn this work, the metabolism behavior of mequindox (MEQ) in sea cucumber in vivo was investigated using LC-HRMS. In total, nine metabolites were detected and identified as well as the precursor in sea cucumber tissues. The metabolic pathways of MEQ in sea cucumber mainly include hydrogenation reduction, deoxidation, carboxylation, deacetylation, and combinations thereof. The most predominant metabolites of MEQ in sea cucumber are 2-iso-BDMEQ and 2-iso-1-DMEQ, with deoxidation and carbonyl reduction as major metabolic pathways. In particular, this work first reported 3-methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid (MQCA) as a metabolite of MEQ, and carboxylation is a major metabolic pathway of MEQ in sea cucumber. This work revealed that the metabolism of MEQ in marine animals is different from that in land animals. The metabolism results in this work could facilitate the accurate risk assessment of MEQ in sea cucumber and related marine foods.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1599mequindoxmetabolitesmetabolic pathwaysea cucumbersdeoxidationcarbonyl reduction |
| spellingShingle | Xin Mao Xiaozhen Zhou Jun He Gongzhen Liu Huihui Liu Han Zhao Pengjie Luo Yongning Wu Yanshen Li Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS Antibiotics mequindox metabolites metabolic pathway sea cucumbers deoxidation carbonyl reduction |
| title | Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS |
| title_full | Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS |
| title_fullStr | Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS |
| title_short | Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS |
| title_sort | metabolism profile of mequindox in sea cucumbers in vivo using lc hrms |
| topic | mequindox metabolites metabolic pathway sea cucumbers deoxidation carbonyl reduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1599 |
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