Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population
Background: <a title="Learn more about Tuberculosis" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/tuberculosis">Tuberculosis</a> (TB) remains a major contributor to <a title="Learn more about Morbidity" href="https://www.scienced...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Ubiquity Press
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Annals of Global Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2087 |
| _version_ | 1818347408231235584 |
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| author | Amy Y. Vittor Joseph M. Garland Robert H. Gilman |
| author_facet | Amy Y. Vittor Joseph M. Garland Robert H. Gilman |
| author_sort | Amy Y. Vittor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: <a title="Learn more about Tuberculosis" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/tuberculosis">Tuberculosis</a> (TB) remains a major contributor to <a title="Learn more about Morbidity" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/morbidity">morbidity</a> and mortality in HIV-positive individuals, causing 1.1 million incident cases and 0.32 million deaths in 2012. Diagnosis of TB is particularly challenging in HIV-coinfected individuals, due to a high frequency of smear-negative disease, atypical presentations, and extrapulmonary TB. Objective: The aim of this article was to review the current literature on <a title="Learn more about Molecular diagnostics" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/molecular-diagnostics">molecular diagnostics</a> for TB with an emphasis on the performance of these diagnostic tests in the HIV-positive population. Methods: We searched the PubMed database using at least one of the terms TB, <a title="Learn more about Human Immunodeficiency Virus" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/human-immunodeficiency-virus">HIV</a>, diagnostics, Xpert MTB/RIF, '<a title="Learn more about Nucleic acid test" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/nucleic-acid-test">nucleic acid amplification tests</a>', drug susceptibility testing, <a title="Learn more about RNA Transcription" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rna-transcription">RNA transcription</a>, and drew on World Health Organization publications. Findings: With increased focus on reducing TB prevalence worldwide, a new set of tools for diagnosing the disease have emerged. Molecular tools such as Xpert MTB/RIF and line-probe assays are now in use or are being rolled out in many regions. The diagnostic performance of these and other molecular assays are discussed here as they pertain to the HIV-positive population. Conclusions</h3>Molecular diagnostics offer a useful addition and at times, alternative, to traditional culture methods for the diagnosis of TB. However, most of these tests suffer from decreased accuracy in the HIV-positive population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T17:33:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b142330a8d24f9d9ad5620bbdacf8bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-9996 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T17:33:41Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | Ubiquity Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Global Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b142330a8d24f9d9ad5620bbdacf8bb2022-12-21T23:36:58ZengUbiquity PressAnnals of Global Health2214-99962015-05-0180647648510.1016/j.aogh.2015.01.0011985Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive PopulationAmy Y. Vittor0Joseph M. Garland1Robert H. Gilman2Department of Infectious Disease, University of Florida Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, FLDepartment of Infectious Disease, University of Pennsylvania, Jonathan Lax Center/Philadelphia FIGHT, Philadelphia, PADepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MDBackground: <a title="Learn more about Tuberculosis" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/tuberculosis">Tuberculosis</a> (TB) remains a major contributor to <a title="Learn more about Morbidity" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/morbidity">morbidity</a> and mortality in HIV-positive individuals, causing 1.1 million incident cases and 0.32 million deaths in 2012. Diagnosis of TB is particularly challenging in HIV-coinfected individuals, due to a high frequency of smear-negative disease, atypical presentations, and extrapulmonary TB. Objective: The aim of this article was to review the current literature on <a title="Learn more about Molecular diagnostics" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/molecular-diagnostics">molecular diagnostics</a> for TB with an emphasis on the performance of these diagnostic tests in the HIV-positive population. Methods: We searched the PubMed database using at least one of the terms TB, <a title="Learn more about Human Immunodeficiency Virus" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/human-immunodeficiency-virus">HIV</a>, diagnostics, Xpert MTB/RIF, '<a title="Learn more about Nucleic acid test" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/nucleic-acid-test">nucleic acid amplification tests</a>', drug susceptibility testing, <a title="Learn more about RNA Transcription" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rna-transcription">RNA transcription</a>, and drew on World Health Organization publications. Findings: With increased focus on reducing TB prevalence worldwide, a new set of tools for diagnosing the disease have emerged. Molecular tools such as Xpert MTB/RIF and line-probe assays are now in use or are being rolled out in many regions. The diagnostic performance of these and other molecular assays are discussed here as they pertain to the HIV-positive population. Conclusions</h3>Molecular diagnostics offer a useful addition and at times, alternative, to traditional culture methods for the diagnosis of TB. However, most of these tests suffer from decreased accuracy in the HIV-positive population.https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2087drug susceptibility testingHIVmolecular diagnosticsRNA transcription signaturestuberculosisXpert MTB/RIF |
| spellingShingle | Amy Y. Vittor Joseph M. Garland Robert H. Gilman Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population Annals of Global Health drug susceptibility testing HIV molecular diagnostics RNA transcription signatures tuberculosis Xpert MTB/RIF |
| title | Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population |
| title_full | Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population |
| title_short | Molecular Diagnosis of TB in the HIV Positive Population |
| title_sort | molecular diagnosis of tb in the hiv positive population |
| topic | drug susceptibility testing HIV molecular diagnostics RNA transcription signatures tuberculosis Xpert MTB/RIF |
| url | https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2087 |
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