What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins?
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains crucial to continue studying how SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with the host metabolism to cause COVID-19. In this review, w...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249607/full |
| _version_ | 1797681784552423424 |
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| author | Santiago Justo Arevalo Santiago Justo Arevalo Adriana Castillo-Chávez Carmen Sofia Uribe Calampa Daniela Zapata Sifuentes Daniela Zapata Sifuentes César J. Huallpa Gianfranco Landa Bianchi Romina Garavito-Salini Casas Mauro Quiñones Aguilar Roberto Pineda Chavarría |
| author_facet | Santiago Justo Arevalo Santiago Justo Arevalo Adriana Castillo-Chávez Carmen Sofia Uribe Calampa Daniela Zapata Sifuentes Daniela Zapata Sifuentes César J. Huallpa Gianfranco Landa Bianchi Romina Garavito-Salini Casas Mauro Quiñones Aguilar Roberto Pineda Chavarría |
| author_sort | Santiago Justo Arevalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains crucial to continue studying how SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with the host metabolism to cause COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the findings regarding the functions of the 16 non-structural, 6 accessory and 4 structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We place less emphasis on the spike protein, which has been the subject of several recent reviews. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews about COVID-19 therapeutic have been also published. Therefore, we do not delve into details on these topics; instead we direct the readers to those other reviews. To avoid confusions with what we know about proteins from other coronaviruses, we exclusively report findings that have been experimentally confirmed in SARS-CoV-2. We have identified host mechanisms that appear to be the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including gene expression and immune response pathways such as ribosome translation, JAK/STAT, RIG-1/MDA5 and NF-kβ pathways. Additionally, we emphasize the multiple functions exhibited by SARS-CoV-2 proteins, along with the limited information available for some of these proteins. Our aim with this review is to assist researchers and contribute to the ongoing comprehension of SARS-CoV-2’s pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:51:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b142e06060141758f2583d20dd2a5cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:51:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b142e06060141758f2583d20dd2a5cb2023-09-19T07:33:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-09-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12496071249607What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins?Santiago Justo Arevalo0Santiago Justo Arevalo1Adriana Castillo-Chávez2Carmen Sofia Uribe Calampa3Daniela Zapata Sifuentes4Daniela Zapata Sifuentes5César J. Huallpa6Gianfranco Landa Bianchi7Romina Garavito-Salini Casas8Mauro Quiñones Aguilar9Roberto Pineda Chavarría10Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruDepartmento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruDepartmento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, PeruThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains crucial to continue studying how SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with the host metabolism to cause COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the findings regarding the functions of the 16 non-structural, 6 accessory and 4 structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We place less emphasis on the spike protein, which has been the subject of several recent reviews. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews about COVID-19 therapeutic have been also published. Therefore, we do not delve into details on these topics; instead we direct the readers to those other reviews. To avoid confusions with what we know about proteins from other coronaviruses, we exclusively report findings that have been experimentally confirmed in SARS-CoV-2. We have identified host mechanisms that appear to be the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including gene expression and immune response pathways such as ribosome translation, JAK/STAT, RIG-1/MDA5 and NF-kβ pathways. Additionally, we emphasize the multiple functions exhibited by SARS-CoV-2 proteins, along with the limited information available for some of these proteins. Our aim with this review is to assist researchers and contribute to the ongoing comprehension of SARS-CoV-2’s pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249607/fullimmune pathwaysCOVID-19pandemictranslation inhibitionviral infection |
| spellingShingle | Santiago Justo Arevalo Santiago Justo Arevalo Adriana Castillo-Chávez Carmen Sofia Uribe Calampa Daniela Zapata Sifuentes Daniela Zapata Sifuentes César J. Huallpa Gianfranco Landa Bianchi Romina Garavito-Salini Casas Mauro Quiñones Aguilar Roberto Pineda Chavarría What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? Frontiers in Immunology immune pathways COVID-19 pandemic translation inhibition viral infection |
| title | What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? |
| title_full | What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? |
| title_fullStr | What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? |
| title_full_unstemmed | What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? |
| title_short | What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins? |
| title_sort | what do we know about the function of sars cov 2 proteins |
| topic | immune pathways COVID-19 pandemic translation inhibition viral infection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249607/full |
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