Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks
Abstract Anaerobic fungus–methanogen co-cultures from rumen liquids and faeces can degrade lignocellulose efficiently. In this study, 31 fungus–methanogen co-cultures were first obtained from the rumen of yaks grazing in Qinghai Province, China, using the Hungate roll-tube technique. The fungi were...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2022-09-01
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| Series: | AMB Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-022-01462-2 |
| _version_ | 1811208791316758528 |
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| author | Yaqin Wei Hui Yang Zhiye Wang Jiang Zhao Hongshan Qi Chuan Wang Jingrong Zhang Tao Yang |
| author_facet | Yaqin Wei Hui Yang Zhiye Wang Jiang Zhao Hongshan Qi Chuan Wang Jingrong Zhang Tao Yang |
| author_sort | Yaqin Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Anaerobic fungus–methanogen co-cultures from rumen liquids and faeces can degrade lignocellulose efficiently. In this study, 31 fungus–methanogen co-cultures were first obtained from the rumen of yaks grazing in Qinghai Province, China, using the Hungate roll-tube technique. The fungi were identified according to morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The methanogens associated with each fungus were identified by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. They were five co-culture types: Neocallimastix frontalis + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Neocallimastix frontalis + Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii, Orpinomyces joyonii + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Caecomyces communis + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, and Caecomyces communis + Methanobrevibacter millerae. Among the 31 co-cultures, during the 5-day incubation, the N. frontalis + M. gottschalkii co-culture YakQH5 degraded 59.0%–68.1% of the dry matter (DM) and 49.5%–59.7% of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of wheat straw, corn stalk, rice straw, oat straw and sorghum straw to produce CH4 (3.0–4.6 mmol/g DM) and acetate (7.3–8.6 mmol/g DM) as end-products. Ferulic acid (FA) released at 4.8 mg/g DM on corn stalk and p-coumaric acid (PCA) released at 11.7 mg/g DM on sorghum straw showed the highest values, with the following peak values of enzyme activities: xylanase at 12,910 mU/mL on wheat straw, ferulic acid esterase (FAE) at 10.5 mU/mL on corn stalk, and p-coumaric acid esterase (CAE) at 20.5 mU/mL on sorghum straw. The N. frontalis + M. gottschalkii co-culture YakQH5 from Qinghai yaks represents a new efficient combination for lignocellulose biodegradation, performing better than previously reported fungus–methanogen co-cultures from the digestive tract of ruminants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:28:43Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3b1557721d7d4d7ea61260a9acdba5d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2191-0855 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:28:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3b1557721d7d4d7ea61260a9acdba5d12022-12-22T03:48:00ZengSpringerOpenAMB Express2191-08552022-09-0112111710.1186/s13568-022-01462-2Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaksYaqin Wei0Hui Yang1Zhiye Wang2Jiang Zhao3Hongshan Qi4Chuan Wang5Jingrong Zhang6Tao Yang7Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of SciencesAbstract Anaerobic fungus–methanogen co-cultures from rumen liquids and faeces can degrade lignocellulose efficiently. In this study, 31 fungus–methanogen co-cultures were first obtained from the rumen of yaks grazing in Qinghai Province, China, using the Hungate roll-tube technique. The fungi were identified according to morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The methanogens associated with each fungus were identified by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. They were five co-culture types: Neocallimastix frontalis + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Neocallimastix frontalis + Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii, Orpinomyces joyonii + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Caecomyces communis + Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, and Caecomyces communis + Methanobrevibacter millerae. Among the 31 co-cultures, during the 5-day incubation, the N. frontalis + M. gottschalkii co-culture YakQH5 degraded 59.0%–68.1% of the dry matter (DM) and 49.5%–59.7% of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of wheat straw, corn stalk, rice straw, oat straw and sorghum straw to produce CH4 (3.0–4.6 mmol/g DM) and acetate (7.3–8.6 mmol/g DM) as end-products. Ferulic acid (FA) released at 4.8 mg/g DM on corn stalk and p-coumaric acid (PCA) released at 11.7 mg/g DM on sorghum straw showed the highest values, with the following peak values of enzyme activities: xylanase at 12,910 mU/mL on wheat straw, ferulic acid esterase (FAE) at 10.5 mU/mL on corn stalk, and p-coumaric acid esterase (CAE) at 20.5 mU/mL on sorghum straw. The N. frontalis + M. gottschalkii co-culture YakQH5 from Qinghai yaks represents a new efficient combination for lignocellulose biodegradation, performing better than previously reported fungus–methanogen co-cultures from the digestive tract of ruminants.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-022-01462-2Qinghai yakRumenFungusMethanogenCo-cultureLignocellulose |
| spellingShingle | Yaqin Wei Hui Yang Zhiye Wang Jiang Zhao Hongshan Qi Chuan Wang Jingrong Zhang Tao Yang Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks AMB Express Qinghai yak Rumen Fungus Methanogen Co-culture Lignocellulose |
| title | Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks |
| title_full | Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks |
| title_fullStr | Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks |
| title_short | Roughage biodegradation by natural co-cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from Qinghai yaks |
| title_sort | roughage biodegradation by natural co cultures of rumen fungi and methanogens from qinghai yaks |
| topic | Qinghai yak Rumen Fungus Methanogen Co-culture Lignocellulose |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-022-01462-2 |
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