<i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin
<i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. (Melanthiaceae) is an essential, vulnerable herb with a wide range of traditional applications ranging from fever to cancer in various communities. The use of <i>P. polyphylla</i> in India is limited to traditional healers. Here, we demonstrated th...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| author | Vimi Kshetrimayum Rameshwari Heisnam Ojit Singh Keithellakpam Pullapanthula Radhakrishnanand Sai Jyothi Akula Pulok K. Mukherjee Nanaocha Sharma |
| author_facet | Vimi Kshetrimayum Rameshwari Heisnam Ojit Singh Keithellakpam Pullapanthula Radhakrishnanand Sai Jyothi Akula Pulok K. Mukherjee Nanaocha Sharma |
| author_sort | Vimi Kshetrimayum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. (Melanthiaceae) is an essential, vulnerable herb with a wide range of traditional applications ranging from fever to cancer in various communities. The use of <i>P. polyphylla</i> in India is limited to traditional healers. Here, we demonstrated that <i>P. polyphylla</i> extract (PPE) has good phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and steroidal saponin content and anti-oxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> 35.12 ± 6.1 μg/mL in DPPH and 19.69 ± 6.7 μg/mL in ABTS. Furthermore, PPE induces cytotoxicity in HCT-116 with IC<sub>50</sub> 8.72 ± 0.71 μg/mL without significant cytotoxicity inthe normal human colon epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. PPE inhibits the metastatic property and induces apoptosis in HCT-116, as measured by Annexin V/PI, by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase 3 activation. PPE acts synergistically with 5FU and cisplatin in HCT-116 and potentiates their therapeutic significance. Steroidal saponins with anticancer activities were detected in PPE by HR-LCMS. The present study demonstrated that PPE induces apoptosis by increasing ROS and activating caspase 3, which was attributed to steroidal saponins. PPE can be used as a potential natural remedy for colon cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:33Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:33Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3b24b8d0dbb54021964f35359556cd882023-11-17T17:22:39ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-03-01127144610.3390/plants12071446<i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and CisplatinVimi Kshetrimayum0Rameshwari Heisnam1Ojit Singh Keithellakpam2Pullapanthula Radhakrishnanand3Sai Jyothi Akula4Pulok K. Mukherjee5Nanaocha Sharma6Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, IndiaMicrobial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, IndiaMicrobial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, IndiaMicrobial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, IndiaMicrobial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, India<i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. (Melanthiaceae) is an essential, vulnerable herb with a wide range of traditional applications ranging from fever to cancer in various communities. The use of <i>P. polyphylla</i> in India is limited to traditional healers. Here, we demonstrated that <i>P. polyphylla</i> extract (PPE) has good phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and steroidal saponin content and anti-oxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> 35.12 ± 6.1 μg/mL in DPPH and 19.69 ± 6.7 μg/mL in ABTS. Furthermore, PPE induces cytotoxicity in HCT-116 with IC<sub>50</sub> 8.72 ± 0.71 μg/mL without significant cytotoxicity inthe normal human colon epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. PPE inhibits the metastatic property and induces apoptosis in HCT-116, as measured by Annexin V/PI, by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase 3 activation. PPE acts synergistically with 5FU and cisplatin in HCT-116 and potentiates their therapeutic significance. Steroidal saponins with anticancer activities were detected in PPE by HR-LCMS. The present study demonstrated that PPE induces apoptosis by increasing ROS and activating caspase 3, which was attributed to steroidal saponins. PPE can be used as a potential natural remedy for colon cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1446apoptosiscytotoxicitysteroidal saponinssynergistic |
| spellingShingle | Vimi Kshetrimayum Rameshwari Heisnam Ojit Singh Keithellakpam Pullapanthula Radhakrishnanand Sai Jyothi Akula Pulok K. Mukherjee Nanaocha Sharma <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin Plants apoptosis cytotoxicity steroidal saponins synergistic |
| title | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin |
| title_full | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin |
| title_fullStr | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin |
| title_short | <i>Paris polyphylla</i> Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin |
| title_sort | i paris polyphylla i sm induces reactive oxygen species and caspase 3 mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells in vitro and potentiates the therapeutic significance of fluorouracil and cisplatin |
| topic | apoptosis cytotoxicity steroidal saponins synergistic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1446 |
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