Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group
In the course of pregnancy, increasing importance is being placed on maintaining optimal fatty acid (FA) levels and particularly n-3 PUFAs to ensure correct fetal development. However, reference ranges for FA have been reported in only a few studies. Our objective is to provide quantitative referenc...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4037 |
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| author | Carla Martín-Grau Ramón Deulofeu Nuria Serrat Orus Victoria Arija on behalf of the ECLIPSES Study Group |
| author_facet | Carla Martín-Grau Ramón Deulofeu Nuria Serrat Orus Victoria Arija on behalf of the ECLIPSES Study Group |
| author_sort | Carla Martín-Grau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the course of pregnancy, increasing importance is being placed on maintaining optimal fatty acid (FA) levels and particularly n-3 PUFAs to ensure correct fetal development. However, reference ranges for FA have been reported in only a few studies. Our objective is to provide quantitative reference intervals for SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (n-6 and n-3) in a large population of healthy pregnant women from a developed country. A prospective study of pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 479) was conducted from the first trimester (T1) to the third trimester (T3). A total of 11 fatty acids were analyzed in serum by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and were expressed as absolute (µmol/L) and relative (percentage of total FA) concentration units. Serum concentrations of SFAs, MUFAs, n-6 PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs, various FA ratios, and the EFA index were determined. The reference intervals (2.5/97.5 percentiles) in absolute values from T1 ranged from 1884.32 to 8802.81 µmol/L for SFAs, from 959.91 to 2979.46 µmol/L for MUFAs, from 2325.77 to 7735.74 µmol/L for n-6 PUFAs, and from 129.01 to 495.58 µmol/L for n-3 PUFAs. These intervals mainly include the values of other studies from European populations. However, reference ranges vary according to some maternal factors. The FA levels proposed, obtained from a large sample of pregnant women, will be a useful tool for assessing the degree of adequacy of FAs in pregnant women and will help to carry out dietary interventions based on certain maternal factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:10:43Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:10:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b33374a169c4fb380fbe7e63d17bbb02023-11-23T00:49:40ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-11-011311403710.3390/nu13114037Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES GroupCarla Martín-Grau0Ramón Deulofeu1Nuria Serrat Orus2Victoria Arija3on behalf of the ECLIPSES Study GroupClinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, University Hospital Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, SpainDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clínic Universitari, CiberEHM, 08036 Barcelona, SpainClinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, University Hospital Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, SpainNutrition and Mental Health Research Group (NUTRISAM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, SpainIn the course of pregnancy, increasing importance is being placed on maintaining optimal fatty acid (FA) levels and particularly n-3 PUFAs to ensure correct fetal development. However, reference ranges for FA have been reported in only a few studies. Our objective is to provide quantitative reference intervals for SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (n-6 and n-3) in a large population of healthy pregnant women from a developed country. A prospective study of pregnant women (<i>n</i> = 479) was conducted from the first trimester (T1) to the third trimester (T3). A total of 11 fatty acids were analyzed in serum by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and were expressed as absolute (µmol/L) and relative (percentage of total FA) concentration units. Serum concentrations of SFAs, MUFAs, n-6 PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs, various FA ratios, and the EFA index were determined. The reference intervals (2.5/97.5 percentiles) in absolute values from T1 ranged from 1884.32 to 8802.81 µmol/L for SFAs, from 959.91 to 2979.46 µmol/L for MUFAs, from 2325.77 to 7735.74 µmol/L for n-6 PUFAs, and from 129.01 to 495.58 µmol/L for n-3 PUFAs. These intervals mainly include the values of other studies from European populations. However, reference ranges vary according to some maternal factors. The FA levels proposed, obtained from a large sample of pregnant women, will be a useful tool for assessing the degree of adequacy of FAs in pregnant women and will help to carry out dietary interventions based on certain maternal factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4037individual c14-c24fatty acid statusmaternal nutritionpregnancyreference intervals |
| spellingShingle | Carla Martín-Grau Ramón Deulofeu Nuria Serrat Orus Victoria Arija on behalf of the ECLIPSES Study Group Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group Nutrients individual c14-c24 fatty acid status maternal nutrition pregnancy reference intervals |
| title | Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group |
| title_full | Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group |
| title_fullStr | Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group |
| title_short | Trimester-Specific Reference Ranges for Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum of Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study from the ECLIPSES Group |
| title_sort | trimester specific reference ranges for saturated monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum of pregnant women a cohort study from the eclipses group |
| topic | individual c14-c24 fatty acid status maternal nutrition pregnancy reference intervals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4037 |
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