Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives
Sulfonylurea herbicides can lead to serious weed resistance due to their long degradation times and large-scale applications. This is especially true for chlorsulfuron, a widely used acetolactate synthase inhibitor used around the world. Its persistence in soil often affects the growth of crop seedl...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| author | Lei Wu Xue-Wen Hua Yong-Hong Li Zhong-Wen Wang Sha Zhou Zheng-Ming Li |
| author_facet | Lei Wu Xue-Wen Hua Yong-Hong Li Zhong-Wen Wang Sha Zhou Zheng-Ming Li |
| author_sort | Lei Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulfonylurea herbicides can lead to serious weed resistance due to their long degradation times and large-scale applications. This is especially true for chlorsulfuron, a widely used acetolactate synthase inhibitor used around the world. Its persistence in soil often affects the growth of crop seedlings in the following crop rotation, and leads to serious environmental pollution all over the world. Our research goal is to obtain chlorsulfuron-derived herbicides with high herbicidal activities, fast degradation times, as well as good crop safety. On account of the slow natural degradation of chlorsulfuron in alkaline soil, based on the previously reported results in acidic soil, the degradation behaviours of 5-substituted chlorsulfuron analogues (<b>L101</b>–<b>L107</b>) were investigated in a soil with pH 8.39. The experimental data indicated that 5-substituted chlorsulfuron compounds could accelerate degradation rates in alkaline soil, and thus, highlighted the potential for rational controllable degradation in soil. The degradation rates of these chlorsulfuron derivatives were accelerated by 1.84–77.22-fold, compared to chlorsulfuron, and exhibited excellent crop safety in wheat and corn (through pre-emergence treatment). In combination with bioassay activities, acidic and alkaline soil degradation, and crop safety, it was concluded that compounds <b>L104</b> and <b>L107</b>, with ethyl or methyl groups, are potential green sulfonylurea herbicides for pre-emergence treatment on wheat and corn. This paper provides a reference for the further design of new sulfonylurea herbicides with high herbicidal activity, fast, controllable degradation rates, and high crop safety. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b40969e05854d5dbf63dbd46a64a2fd2023-11-23T12:24:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-05-012710331810.3390/molecules27103318Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron DerivativesLei Wu0Xue-Wen Hua1Yong-Hong Li2Zhong-Wen Wang3Sha Zhou4Zheng-Ming Li5State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaSulfonylurea herbicides can lead to serious weed resistance due to their long degradation times and large-scale applications. This is especially true for chlorsulfuron, a widely used acetolactate synthase inhibitor used around the world. Its persistence in soil often affects the growth of crop seedlings in the following crop rotation, and leads to serious environmental pollution all over the world. Our research goal is to obtain chlorsulfuron-derived herbicides with high herbicidal activities, fast degradation times, as well as good crop safety. On account of the slow natural degradation of chlorsulfuron in alkaline soil, based on the previously reported results in acidic soil, the degradation behaviours of 5-substituted chlorsulfuron analogues (<b>L101</b>–<b>L107</b>) were investigated in a soil with pH 8.39. The experimental data indicated that 5-substituted chlorsulfuron compounds could accelerate degradation rates in alkaline soil, and thus, highlighted the potential for rational controllable degradation in soil. The degradation rates of these chlorsulfuron derivatives were accelerated by 1.84–77.22-fold, compared to chlorsulfuron, and exhibited excellent crop safety in wheat and corn (through pre-emergence treatment). In combination with bioassay activities, acidic and alkaline soil degradation, and crop safety, it was concluded that compounds <b>L104</b> and <b>L107</b>, with ethyl or methyl groups, are potential green sulfonylurea herbicides for pre-emergence treatment on wheat and corn. This paper provides a reference for the further design of new sulfonylurea herbicides with high herbicidal activity, fast, controllable degradation rates, and high crop safety.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/10/3318sulfonylurea herbicideschlorsulfuronalkaline soil degradationDT<sub>50</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Lei Wu Xue-Wen Hua Yong-Hong Li Zhong-Wen Wang Sha Zhou Zheng-Ming Li Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives Molecules sulfonylurea herbicides chlorsulfuron alkaline soil degradation DT<sub>50</sub> |
| title | Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives |
| title_full | Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives |
| title_fullStr | Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives |
| title_short | Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives |
| title_sort | alkaline soil degradation and crop safety of 5 substituted chlorsulfuron derivatives |
| topic | sulfonylurea herbicides chlorsulfuron alkaline soil degradation DT<sub>50</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/10/3318 |
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