Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method
The increasing use of renewable energy sources increases the need for electricity storage systems. In this work, the possibility of renewing worn-out battery Pb electrodes by applying Ar and O<sub>2</sub> gas plasma in a magnetron vacuum system was investigated. As shown by the SEM resul...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/9/5463 |
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| author | Žydrūnas Kavaliauskas Igor Šajev Giedrius Blažiūnas Giedrius Gecevičius |
| author_facet | Žydrūnas Kavaliauskas Igor Šajev Giedrius Blažiūnas Giedrius Gecevičius |
| author_sort | Žydrūnas Kavaliauskas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing use of renewable energy sources increases the need for electricity storage systems. In this work, the possibility of renewing worn-out battery Pb electrodes by applying Ar and O<sub>2</sub> gas plasma in a magnetron vacuum system was investigated. As shown by the SEM results of the surface of Pb electrodes, after exposure to O<sub>2</sub> plasma, the surface of Pb electrodes consists of irregularly shaped microstructures. Analyzing the XRD results revealed that the spectrum peaks of the Pb<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> compound are more pronounced in the case of the electrodes of the worn battery than those electrodes that were exposed to Ar and O<sub>2</sub> gas plasma. It was observed that the process of renewing Pb electrodes in Ar and O<sub>2</sub> plasma has a positive effect. This effect is also confirmed by the results of EDS studies, as the chemical compounds that inhibit the charge/discharge process are reduced, and the percentage of pure lead increases from 68.2% (in the case of worn electrodes) to 81–82% (when the worn electrodes were processed using Ar and O<sub>2</sub> plasma). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:24:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b66864df95340759ec454c5f43a38bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:24:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b66864df95340759ec454c5f43a38bd2023-11-17T22:34:20ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-04-01139546310.3390/app13095463Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing MethodŽydrūnas Kavaliauskas0Igor Šajev1Giedrius Blažiūnas2Giedrius Gecevičius3Department of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramonės Ave. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramonės Ave. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramonės Ave. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramonės Ave. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, LithuaniaThe increasing use of renewable energy sources increases the need for electricity storage systems. In this work, the possibility of renewing worn-out battery Pb electrodes by applying Ar and O<sub>2</sub> gas plasma in a magnetron vacuum system was investigated. As shown by the SEM results of the surface of Pb electrodes, after exposure to O<sub>2</sub> plasma, the surface of Pb electrodes consists of irregularly shaped microstructures. Analyzing the XRD results revealed that the spectrum peaks of the Pb<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> compound are more pronounced in the case of the electrodes of the worn battery than those electrodes that were exposed to Ar and O<sub>2</sub> gas plasma. It was observed that the process of renewing Pb electrodes in Ar and O<sub>2</sub> plasma has a positive effect. This effect is also confirmed by the results of EDS studies, as the chemical compounds that inhibit the charge/discharge process are reduced, and the percentage of pure lead increases from 68.2% (in the case of worn electrodes) to 81–82% (when the worn electrodes were processed using Ar and O<sub>2</sub> plasma).https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/9/5463batteriesplasma processingPb electrodes renewalmagnetron system |
| spellingShingle | Žydrūnas Kavaliauskas Igor Šajev Giedrius Blažiūnas Giedrius Gecevičius Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method Applied Sciences batteries plasma processing Pb electrodes renewal magnetron system |
| title | Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method |
| title_full | Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method |
| title_fullStr | Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method |
| title_short | Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method |
| title_sort | renewal of lead battery electrodes using a plasma chemical processing method |
| topic | batteries plasma processing Pb electrodes renewal magnetron system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/9/5463 |
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