Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov.
New and emerging <i>Phytophthora</i>-related diseases in small trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants typical of subalpine vegetation have recently been observed in Italy and Slovenia. Diseased plants showed a complex symptomatology including foliar necrosis, fruit rot, shoot blight and bra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/8/1515 |
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| author | Carlo Bregant Giovanni Rossetto Letizia Meli Nicolò Sasso Lucio Montecchio Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris Lucia Maddau Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu |
| author_facet | Carlo Bregant Giovanni Rossetto Letizia Meli Nicolò Sasso Lucio Montecchio Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris Lucia Maddau Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu |
| author_sort | Carlo Bregant |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | New and emerging <i>Phytophthora</i>-related diseases in small trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants typical of subalpine vegetation have recently been observed in Italy and Slovenia. Diseased plants showed a complex symptomatology including foliar necrosis, fruit rot, shoot blight and branch bleeding cankers. Since little information is available about the aetiology of these aerial <i>Phytophthora</i> diseases, from 2019 to 2022, field surveys were conducted in 54 sites to define the occurrence, distribution and impact of the <i>Phytophthora</i> species on mountain vegetation. A total of 360 <i>Phytophthora</i> isolates were obtained from 397 samples collected from 33 herbaceous and woody host species. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphometric data, 17 <i>Phytophthora</i> species were identified: <i>P. pseudosyringae</i> (201 isolates), <i>P. plurivora</i> (54), <i>P. gonapodyides</i> (21), <i>P. ilicis</i> (20), <i>P. alpina</i> (17), <i>P. acerina</i> (11), <i>P. cactorum</i> (7), <i>P. pseudocryptogea</i> (6), <i>P. cambivora</i> (5), <i>P. idaei</i> (4), <i>P. psychrophila</i> (3), <i>P. bilorbang</i> (2), <i>P. chlamydospora</i> (2), <i>P. hedraiandra</i> (1), <i>P. kelmanii</i> (1), <i>P. rosacearum</i> (1) and <i>P. syringae</i> (1). In addition, three isolates of a new putative <i>Phytophthora</i> species obtained from <i>Alnus viridis</i>, <i>Juniperus communis</i> and <i>Rhododendron ferrugineum</i> are described here as <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. Overall, the results highlighted an unexpectedly high diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> species in mountain areas, with many species able to cause aerial infections due to the production of caducous sporangia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:56:05Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3b687e542c7c44f78dd0caf86da19ee7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:56:05Z |
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| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b687e542c7c44f78dd0caf86da19ee72023-11-19T01:07:38ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-07-01148151510.3390/f14081515Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov.Carlo Bregant0Giovanni Rossetto1Letizia Meli2Nicolò Sasso3Lucio Montecchio4Ana Brglez5Barbara Piškur6Nikica Ogris7Lucia Maddau8Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu9Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDepartment of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyNew and emerging <i>Phytophthora</i>-related diseases in small trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants typical of subalpine vegetation have recently been observed in Italy and Slovenia. Diseased plants showed a complex symptomatology including foliar necrosis, fruit rot, shoot blight and branch bleeding cankers. Since little information is available about the aetiology of these aerial <i>Phytophthora</i> diseases, from 2019 to 2022, field surveys were conducted in 54 sites to define the occurrence, distribution and impact of the <i>Phytophthora</i> species on mountain vegetation. A total of 360 <i>Phytophthora</i> isolates were obtained from 397 samples collected from 33 herbaceous and woody host species. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphometric data, 17 <i>Phytophthora</i> species were identified: <i>P. pseudosyringae</i> (201 isolates), <i>P. plurivora</i> (54), <i>P. gonapodyides</i> (21), <i>P. ilicis</i> (20), <i>P. alpina</i> (17), <i>P. acerina</i> (11), <i>P. cactorum</i> (7), <i>P. pseudocryptogea</i> (6), <i>P. cambivora</i> (5), <i>P. idaei</i> (4), <i>P. psychrophila</i> (3), <i>P. bilorbang</i> (2), <i>P. chlamydospora</i> (2), <i>P. hedraiandra</i> (1), <i>P. kelmanii</i> (1), <i>P. rosacearum</i> (1) and <i>P. syringae</i> (1). In addition, three isolates of a new putative <i>Phytophthora</i> species obtained from <i>Alnus viridis</i>, <i>Juniperus communis</i> and <i>Rhododendron ferrugineum</i> are described here as <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. Overall, the results highlighted an unexpectedly high diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> species in mountain areas, with many species able to cause aerial infections due to the production of caducous sporangia.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/8/1515alpine regionsemerging diseaseoomycetesfoliar necrosisITS clade 6phylogeny |
| spellingShingle | Carlo Bregant Giovanni Rossetto Letizia Meli Nicolò Sasso Lucio Montecchio Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris Lucia Maddau Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. Forests alpine regions emerging disease oomycetes foliar necrosis ITS clade 6 phylogeny |
| title | Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. |
| title_full | Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. |
| title_short | Diversity of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species Involved in New Diseases of Mountain Vegetation in Europe with the Description of <i>Phytophthora pseudogregata</i> sp. nov. |
| title_sort | diversity of i phytophthora i species involved in new diseases of mountain vegetation in europe with the description of i phytophthora pseudogregata i sp nov |
| topic | alpine regions emerging disease oomycetes foliar necrosis ITS clade 6 phylogeny |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/8/1515 |
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