Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC
A beam-switching array is designed using a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards −30°, −10°, 10°, a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9391662/ |
| _version_ | 1818418874964508672 |
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| author | Sabin Kumar Karki Mikko Varonen Mikko Kaunisto Arto Rantala Markku Lahti Antti Lamminen Jan Holmberg Mikko Kantanen Juha Ala-Laurinaho Ville Viikari |
| author_facet | Sabin Kumar Karki Mikko Varonen Mikko Kaunisto Arto Rantala Markku Lahti Antti Lamminen Jan Holmberg Mikko Kantanen Juha Ala-Laurinaho Ville Viikari |
| author_sort | Sabin Kumar Karki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A beam-switching array is designed using a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards −30°, −10°, 10°, and 30°. Six substrate integrated waveguide fed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> microstrip patch arrays are used as the radiating elements. The beam-switching array is designed on the LTCC substrate to operate at 71–76 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a beam-switching network with a vector modulator (VM) integrated circuit as switching element is studied for the first time. The measured radiation pattern of the beam-switching array with the VM is in line with the simulated radiation pattern. The measured peak realized gain of the beam port 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 3-dB backoff gain of the VM are 17, 17, 17.8, 16.9 dBi at 75 GHz, respectively. In addition, the work demonstrates the possibility of beam-reconfigurability in beam-switching array by simultaneous excitation of the beam ports in optimum phase using the VM. The simultaneous excitation of the adjacent two ports, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4, steer the beam towards −19°, 0°, and 19°, respectively, which improves the beam cross-over level. With various combinations of simultaneous excitation, the half power beam-width of the beam-switching array is varied from 17.8° to 75°. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:29:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b6fbf52f3834162a0d46cf498e5dd78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:29:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b6fbf52f3834162a0d46cf498e5dd782022-12-21T23:01:14ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-019528725288210.1109/ACCESS.2021.30700379391662Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCCSabin Kumar Karki0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2148-8597Mikko Varonen1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-5092Mikko Kaunisto2Arto Rantala3Markku Lahti4Antti Lamminen5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6222-0573Jan Holmberg6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3559-3868Mikko Kantanen7Juha Ala-Laurinaho8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-5350Ville Viikari9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-3646Department of Electronics and Nanosciences, Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, FinlandDepartment of Electronics and Nanosciences, Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto, FinlandDepartment of Electronics and Nanosciences, Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto, FinlandA beam-switching array is designed using a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards −30°, −10°, 10°, and 30°. Six substrate integrated waveguide fed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> microstrip patch arrays are used as the radiating elements. The beam-switching array is designed on the LTCC substrate to operate at 71–76 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a beam-switching network with a vector modulator (VM) integrated circuit as switching element is studied for the first time. The measured radiation pattern of the beam-switching array with the VM is in line with the simulated radiation pattern. The measured peak realized gain of the beam port 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 3-dB backoff gain of the VM are 17, 17, 17.8, 16.9 dBi at 75 GHz, respectively. In addition, the work demonstrates the possibility of beam-reconfigurability in beam-switching array by simultaneous excitation of the beam ports in optimum phase using the VM. The simultaneous excitation of the adjacent two ports, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4, steer the beam towards −19°, 0°, and 19°, respectively, which improves the beam cross-over level. With various combinations of simultaneous excitation, the half power beam-width of the beam-switching array is varied from 17.8° to 75°.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9391662/Arraybeam-switchingbeam reconfigurabilitymicrostrip patch antennamillimeter-waveRotman lens |
| spellingShingle | Sabin Kumar Karki Mikko Varonen Mikko Kaunisto Arto Rantala Markku Lahti Antti Lamminen Jan Holmberg Mikko Kantanen Juha Ala-Laurinaho Ville Viikari Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC IEEE Access Array beam-switching beam reconfigurability microstrip patch antenna millimeter-wave Rotman lens |
| title | Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC |
| title_full | Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC |
| title_fullStr | Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC |
| title_short | Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC |
| title_sort | beam reconfigurable antenna based on vector modulator and rotman lens on ltcc |
| topic | Array beam-switching beam reconfigurability microstrip patch antenna millimeter-wave Rotman lens |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9391662/ |
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