The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation
Many studies are being performed to develop effective carriers for controlled cytostatic delivery wherein albumin is a promising material due to its tendency to accumulate near cancer cells. The novelty of this work involves the development of the synthesis methodology of albumin nanoparticles and t...
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| author | Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Anna Drabczyk Magdalena Głąb Paweł Gajda Anna Czopek Agnieszka Zagórska Anna Jaromin Jerzy Gubernator Agnieszka Makara Bożena Tyliszczak |
| author_facet | Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Anna Drabczyk Magdalena Głąb Paweł Gajda Anna Czopek Agnieszka Zagórska Anna Jaromin Jerzy Gubernator Agnieszka Makara Bożena Tyliszczak |
| author_sort | Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many studies are being performed to develop effective carriers for controlled cytostatic delivery wherein albumin is a promising material due to its tendency to accumulate near cancer cells. The novelty of this work involves the development of the synthesis methodology of albumin nanoparticles and their biological and physicochemical evaluation. Albumin particles were obtained via the salt-induced precipitation and K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> was used as a salting-out agent. Various concentrations of protein and salting-out agent solutions were mixed using a burette or a syringe system. It was proved that the size of the particles depended on the concentrations of the reagents and the methodology applied. As a result of a process performed using a burette and 2 M K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, albumin spheres having a size 5–25 nm were obtained. The size of nanospheres and their spherical shape was confirmed via TEM analysis. The use of a syringe system led to preparation of particles of large polydispersity. The highest albumin concentration allowing for synthesis of homogeneous particles was 2 g/L. The presence of albumin in spheres was confirmed via the FT-IR technique and UV-Vis spectroscopy. All samples showed no cytotoxicity towards normal human dermal fibroblasts and no hemolytic properties against human erythrocytes (the hemolysis did not exceed 2.5%). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:38:55Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:38:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b7003a0699b4cceaf0b576e4631d1c82023-11-22T08:26:45ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-08-011416438610.3390/ma14164386The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic EvaluationSonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk0Anna Drabczyk1Magdalena Głąb2Paweł Gajda3Anna Czopek4Agnieszka Zagórska5Anna Jaromin6Jerzy Gubernator7Agnieszka Makara8Bożena Tyliszczak9Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Sustainable Energy Development, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 14a Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 14a Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandMany studies are being performed to develop effective carriers for controlled cytostatic delivery wherein albumin is a promising material due to its tendency to accumulate near cancer cells. The novelty of this work involves the development of the synthesis methodology of albumin nanoparticles and their biological and physicochemical evaluation. Albumin particles were obtained via the salt-induced precipitation and K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> was used as a salting-out agent. Various concentrations of protein and salting-out agent solutions were mixed using a burette or a syringe system. It was proved that the size of the particles depended on the concentrations of the reagents and the methodology applied. As a result of a process performed using a burette and 2 M K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, albumin spheres having a size 5–25 nm were obtained. The size of nanospheres and their spherical shape was confirmed via TEM analysis. The use of a syringe system led to preparation of particles of large polydispersity. The highest albumin concentration allowing for synthesis of homogeneous particles was 2 g/L. The presence of albumin in spheres was confirmed via the FT-IR technique and UV-Vis spectroscopy. All samples showed no cytotoxicity towards normal human dermal fibroblasts and no hemolytic properties against human erythrocytes (the hemolysis did not exceed 2.5%).https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/16/4386albumin spheresnanoparticlessalt-induced protein precipitationsalting-out agenthemolytic activityMTT reduction assay |
| spellingShingle | Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Anna Drabczyk Magdalena Głąb Paweł Gajda Anna Czopek Agnieszka Zagórska Anna Jaromin Jerzy Gubernator Agnieszka Makara Bożena Tyliszczak The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation Materials albumin spheres nanoparticles salt-induced protein precipitation salting-out agent hemolytic activity MTT reduction assay |
| title | The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation |
| title_full | The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation |
| title_short | The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation |
| title_sort | development of the innovative synthesis methodology of albumin nanoparticles supported by their physicochemical cytotoxic and hemolytic evaluation |
| topic | albumin spheres nanoparticles salt-induced protein precipitation salting-out agent hemolytic activity MTT reduction assay |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/16/4386 |
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