Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal disease (ASF) in domestic pigs, African swine fever (ASF). ASF is currently producing a pandemic affecting pig production across Eurasia, leading to a shortage of food accessibility. ASFV is structurally complex, harboring a large genome encoding over...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1682 |
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| author | Elizabeth A. Vuono Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina Sarah Pruitt Ayushi Rai Nallely Espinoza Edward Spinard Alyssa Valladares Ediane Silva Lauro Velazquez-Salinas Manuel V. Borca Douglas P. Gladue |
| author_facet | Elizabeth A. Vuono Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina Sarah Pruitt Ayushi Rai Nallely Espinoza Edward Spinard Alyssa Valladares Ediane Silva Lauro Velazquez-Salinas Manuel V. Borca Douglas P. Gladue |
| author_sort | Elizabeth A. Vuono |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal disease (ASF) in domestic pigs, African swine fever (ASF). ASF is currently producing a pandemic affecting pig production across Eurasia, leading to a shortage of food accessibility. ASFV is structurally complex, harboring a large genome encoding over 150 genes. One of them, EP296R, has been shown to encode for an endonuclease that is necessary for the efficient replication of the virus in swine macrophages, the natural ASFV target cell. Here, we report the development of a recombinant virus, ASFV-G-∆EP296R, harboring the deletion of the EP296R gene from the genome of the highly virulent field isolate ASFV Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G). The recombinant ASFV-G-∆EP296R replicates in primary swine macrophages with similar kinetics as the parental virus ASFV-G. Pigs experimentally infected by the intramuscular route with 10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub> show a slightly protracted, although lethal, presentation of the disease when compared to that of animals inoculated with parental ASFV-G. Viremia titers in the ASFV-G-∆EP296R-infected animals closely followed the kinetics of presentation of clinical disease. Results presented here demonstrate that ASFV-G-∆EP296R is not essential for the processes of ASFV replication in swine macrophages, nor is it radically involved in the process of virus replication or disease production in domestic pigs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:42:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b872989b82c47e0974a1b786269e675 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:42:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b872989b82c47e0974a1b786269e6752023-12-03T14:39:03ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-07-01148168210.3390/v14081682Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic PigsElizabeth A. Vuono0Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina1Sarah Pruitt2Ayushi Rai3Nallely Espinoza4Edward Spinard5Alyssa Valladares6Ediane Silva7Lauro Velazquez-Salinas8Manuel V. Borca9Douglas P. Gladue10Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAPlum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, New York, NY 11944, USAAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal disease (ASF) in domestic pigs, African swine fever (ASF). ASF is currently producing a pandemic affecting pig production across Eurasia, leading to a shortage of food accessibility. ASFV is structurally complex, harboring a large genome encoding over 150 genes. One of them, EP296R, has been shown to encode for an endonuclease that is necessary for the efficient replication of the virus in swine macrophages, the natural ASFV target cell. Here, we report the development of a recombinant virus, ASFV-G-∆EP296R, harboring the deletion of the EP296R gene from the genome of the highly virulent field isolate ASFV Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G). The recombinant ASFV-G-∆EP296R replicates in primary swine macrophages with similar kinetics as the parental virus ASFV-G. Pigs experimentally infected by the intramuscular route with 10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub> show a slightly protracted, although lethal, presentation of the disease when compared to that of animals inoculated with parental ASFV-G. Viremia titers in the ASFV-G-∆EP296R-infected animals closely followed the kinetics of presentation of clinical disease. Results presented here demonstrate that ASFV-G-∆EP296R is not essential for the processes of ASFV replication in swine macrophages, nor is it radically involved in the process of virus replication or disease production in domestic pigs.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1682ASFVASFAfrican swine feverAfrican swine fever virusEP296Rvirus virulence |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth A. Vuono Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina Sarah Pruitt Ayushi Rai Nallely Espinoza Edward Spinard Alyssa Valladares Ediane Silva Lauro Velazquez-Salinas Manuel V. Borca Douglas P. Gladue Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs Viruses ASFV ASF African swine fever African swine fever virus EP296R virus virulence |
| title | Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs |
| title_full | Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs |
| title_short | Deletion of the EP296R Gene from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs |
| title_sort | deletion of the ep296r gene from the genome of highly virulent african swine fever virus georgia 2010 does not affect virus replication or virulence in domestic pigs |
| topic | ASFV ASF African swine fever African swine fever virus EP296R virus virulence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/8/1682 |
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