A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation
The ultrasound instrumentation uses linear power amplifiers with low power efficiency, generating unwanted heat and resulting in the deterioration of the echo signal quality of measured targets. Therefore, this study aims to develop a power amplifier scheme to increase power efficiency while maintai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2406 |
| _version_ | 1827752187546042368 |
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| author | Hojong Choi |
| author_facet | Hojong Choi |
| author_sort | Hojong Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ultrasound instrumentation uses linear power amplifiers with low power efficiency, generating unwanted heat and resulting in the deterioration of the echo signal quality of measured targets. Therefore, this study aims to develop a power amplifier scheme to increase power efficiency while maintaining appropriate echo signal quality. In communication systems, the Doherty power amplifier has shown relatively good power efficiency while producing high signal distortion. The same design scheme cannot be directly applied to ultrasound instrumentation. Therefore, the Doherty power amplifier needs to be re-designed. To verify the feasibility of the instrumentation, a Doherty power amplifier was designed to obtain high power efficiency. The measured gain, output 1-dB compression point, and power-added efficiency of the designed Doherty power amplifier were 33.71 dB, 35.71 dB<sub>m</sub>, and 57.24% at 25 MHz, respectively. In addition, the performance of the developed amplifier was measured and tested using the ultrasound transducer through the pulse-echo responses. The output power with 25 MHz, 5-cycle, and 43.06 dB<sub>m</sub> generated from the Doherty power amplifier was sent through the expander to the focused ultrasound transducer with 25 MHz and 0.5″ diameter. The detected signal was sent via a limiter. Afterwards, the signal was amplified by a 36.8 dB gain preamplifier, and then displayed in the oscilloscope. The measured peak-to-peak amplitude in the pulse-echo response with an ultrasound transducer was 0.9698 V. The data showed a comparable echo signal amplitude. Therefore, the designed Doherty power amplifier can improve the power efficiency used for medical ultrasound instrumentation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:11:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3b90faf878f64bff92bd19c465fb5dbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:11:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b90faf878f64bff92bd19c465fb5dbd2023-11-17T08:34:18ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-02-01235240610.3390/s23052406A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound InstrumentationHojong Choi0Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaThe ultrasound instrumentation uses linear power amplifiers with low power efficiency, generating unwanted heat and resulting in the deterioration of the echo signal quality of measured targets. Therefore, this study aims to develop a power amplifier scheme to increase power efficiency while maintaining appropriate echo signal quality. In communication systems, the Doherty power amplifier has shown relatively good power efficiency while producing high signal distortion. The same design scheme cannot be directly applied to ultrasound instrumentation. Therefore, the Doherty power amplifier needs to be re-designed. To verify the feasibility of the instrumentation, a Doherty power amplifier was designed to obtain high power efficiency. The measured gain, output 1-dB compression point, and power-added efficiency of the designed Doherty power amplifier were 33.71 dB, 35.71 dB<sub>m</sub>, and 57.24% at 25 MHz, respectively. In addition, the performance of the developed amplifier was measured and tested using the ultrasound transducer through the pulse-echo responses. The output power with 25 MHz, 5-cycle, and 43.06 dB<sub>m</sub> generated from the Doherty power amplifier was sent through the expander to the focused ultrasound transducer with 25 MHz and 0.5″ diameter. The detected signal was sent via a limiter. Afterwards, the signal was amplified by a 36.8 dB gain preamplifier, and then displayed in the oscilloscope. The measured peak-to-peak amplitude in the pulse-echo response with an ultrasound transducer was 0.9698 V. The data showed a comparable echo signal amplitude. Therefore, the designed Doherty power amplifier can improve the power efficiency used for medical ultrasound instrumentation.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2406Doherty power amplifierultrasound instrumentationultrasound transducer |
| spellingShingle | Hojong Choi A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation Sensors Doherty power amplifier ultrasound instrumentation ultrasound transducer |
| title | A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation |
| title_full | A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation |
| title_fullStr | A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation |
| title_short | A Doherty Power Amplifier for Ultrasound Instrumentation |
| title_sort | doherty power amplifier for ultrasound instrumentation |
| topic | Doherty power amplifier ultrasound instrumentation ultrasound transducer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2406 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hojongchoi adohertypoweramplifierforultrasoundinstrumentation AT hojongchoi dohertypoweramplifierforultrasoundinstrumentation |