Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a type of dementia, is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Neuroinflammation caused by deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) is one of the most important pathological causes in AD. The isoprenoid phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has recently been found in mamma...
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2020-11-01
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author | Seung Ho Jeon Namkwon Kim Yeon-Joo Ju Min Sung Gee Danbi Lee Jong Kil Lee |
author_facet | Seung Ho Jeon Namkwon Kim Yeon-Joo Ju Min Sung Gee Danbi Lee Jong Kil Lee |
author_sort | Seung Ho Jeon |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a type of dementia, is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Neuroinflammation caused by deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) is one of the most important pathological causes in AD. The isoprenoid phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has recently been found in mammals and was shown to be an endogenous hormone, acting in stress conditions. Although ABA has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects and reduced cognitive impairment in several studies, the mechanisms of ABA in AD has not been ascertained clearly. To investigate the clearance of Aβ and anti-inflammatory effects of ABA, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassay. ABA treatment inhibited Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation, thus resulting in improvement of memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. Interestingly, these effects were not associated with activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, well known as a molecular target of ABA, but related with modulation of the LanC-like protein 2 (LANCL2), known as a receptor of ABA. Taken together, our results indicate that ABA reduced Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment, which is the most characteristic pathology of AD, via the upregulation of LANCL2. These data suggest that ABA might be a candidate for therapeutics for AD treatment. |
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spelling | doaj.art-3b9d904773794f818acb6c6eeebda6022023-11-20T20:23:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-11-012122842510.3390/ijms21228425Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2Seung Ho Jeon0Namkwon Kim1Yeon-Joo Ju2Min Sung Gee3Danbi Lee4Jong Kil Lee5Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaAlzheimer’s disease (AD), a type of dementia, is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Neuroinflammation caused by deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) is one of the most important pathological causes in AD. The isoprenoid phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has recently been found in mammals and was shown to be an endogenous hormone, acting in stress conditions. Although ABA has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects and reduced cognitive impairment in several studies, the mechanisms of ABA in AD has not been ascertained clearly. To investigate the clearance of Aβ and anti-inflammatory effects of ABA, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassay. ABA treatment inhibited Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation, thus resulting in improvement of memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. Interestingly, these effects were not associated with activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, well known as a molecular target of ABA, but related with modulation of the LanC-like protein 2 (LANCL2), known as a receptor of ABA. Taken together, our results indicate that ABA reduced Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment, which is the most characteristic pathology of AD, via the upregulation of LANCL2. These data suggest that ABA might be a candidate for therapeutics for AD treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/22/8425Alzheimer’s diseaseamyloid betaabscisic acidLanC-like protein 2neuroinflammation |
spellingShingle | Seung Ho Jeon Namkwon Kim Yeon-Joo Ju Min Sung Gee Danbi Lee Jong Kil Lee Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 International Journal of Molecular Sciences Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta abscisic acid LanC-like protein 2 neuroinflammation |
title | Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 |
title_full | Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 |
title_fullStr | Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 |
title_full_unstemmed | Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 |
title_short | Phytohormone Abscisic Acid Improves Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in 5xFAD Mice by Upregulation of LanC-Like Protein 2 |
title_sort | phytohormone abscisic acid improves memory impairment and reduces neuroinflammation in 5xfad mice by upregulation of lanc like protein 2 |
topic | Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta abscisic acid LanC-like protein 2 neuroinflammation |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/22/8425 |
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