Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field
Noise and Radio-frequency interference or RFI causes a significant restriction on the Free induction Decay or FID signal detection of the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance procedure. Therefore, using this method in non-isolated environments such as industry and ports requires extraordinary measures. For...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nuclear Engineering and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1738573323003972 |
| _version_ | 1797448108628508672 |
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| author | Mohammad Saleh Sharifi Ho Seung Song Hossein Afarideh Mitra Ghergherehchi Mehdi Simiari |
| author_facet | Mohammad Saleh Sharifi Ho Seung Song Hossein Afarideh Mitra Ghergherehchi Mehdi Simiari |
| author_sort | Mohammad Saleh Sharifi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Noise and Radio-frequency interference or RFI causes a significant restriction on the Free induction Decay or FID signal detection of the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance procedure. Therefore, using this method in non-isolated environments such as industry and ports requires extraordinary measures. For this purpose, noise reduction algorithms and increasing signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio or SNIR have been used. In this research, sodium nitrite has been used as a sample and algorithms have been tested in a non-isolated environment. The resonant frequencies for the 150 g of test sample were measured at 303 K at about 1 MHz and 3.4 MHz. The main novelty in this study was, (1) using two types of antennas in the receiver to improve adaptive noise and interference cancellation, (2) using a separate helical antenna in the transmitter to eliminate the duplexer, (3) estimating the noise before sending the pulse to calculate the weighting factors and reduce the noise by adaptive noise cancellation, (3) reject the interference by blanking algorithm, (4) pulse integration in the frequency domain to increase the SNR, and (5) increasing the detection speed by new pulse integration technique. By interference rejection and noise cancellation, the SNIR is improved to 9.24 dB at 1 MHz and to 7.28 dB at 3.4 MHz, and by pulse integration 44.8 dB FID signal amplification is achieved, and the FID signals are detected at 1.057 MHz and 3.402 MHz at room temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:05:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3ba7c35b609449ab8f005eb0486a70fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1738-5733 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:05:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nuclear Engineering and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3ba7c35b609449ab8f005eb0486a70fe2023-11-30T05:06:23ZengElsevierNuclear Engineering and Technology1738-57332023-12-01551245704575Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy fieldMohammad Saleh Sharifi0Ho Seung Song1Hossein Afarideh2Mitra Ghergherehchi3Mehdi Simiari4Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IranDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do, South KoreaDepartment of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author.Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; Corresponding author.Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, IranNoise and Radio-frequency interference or RFI causes a significant restriction on the Free induction Decay or FID signal detection of the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance procedure. Therefore, using this method in non-isolated environments such as industry and ports requires extraordinary measures. For this purpose, noise reduction algorithms and increasing signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio or SNIR have been used. In this research, sodium nitrite has been used as a sample and algorithms have been tested in a non-isolated environment. The resonant frequencies for the 150 g of test sample were measured at 303 K at about 1 MHz and 3.4 MHz. The main novelty in this study was, (1) using two types of antennas in the receiver to improve adaptive noise and interference cancellation, (2) using a separate helical antenna in the transmitter to eliminate the duplexer, (3) estimating the noise before sending the pulse to calculate the weighting factors and reduce the noise by adaptive noise cancellation, (3) reject the interference by blanking algorithm, (4) pulse integration in the frequency domain to increase the SNR, and (5) increasing the detection speed by new pulse integration technique. By interference rejection and noise cancellation, the SNIR is improved to 9.24 dB at 1 MHz and to 7.28 dB at 3.4 MHz, and by pulse integration 44.8 dB FID signal amplification is achieved, and the FID signals are detected at 1.057 MHz and 3.402 MHz at room temperature.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1738573323003972Nuclear quadrupole resonanceRadio frequency interferenceInterference suppressionNoise reduction14 N NQRNitrogen-contained materials |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Saleh Sharifi Ho Seung Song Hossein Afarideh Mitra Ghergherehchi Mehdi Simiari Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field Nuclear Engineering and Technology Nuclear quadrupole resonance Radio frequency interference Interference suppression Noise reduction 14 N NQR Nitrogen-contained materials |
| title | Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| title_full | Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| title_fullStr | Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| title_short | Real-time 14N NQR-based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| title_sort | real time 14n nqr based sodium nitrite analysis in a noisy field |
| topic | Nuclear quadrupole resonance Radio frequency interference Interference suppression Noise reduction 14 N NQR Nitrogen-contained materials |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1738573323003972 |
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