Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points
Snakebite envenoming is a set of intoxication diseases that disproportionately affect people of poor socioeconomic backgrounds in tropical countries. As it is highly dependent on the environment its burden is expected to shift spatially with global anthropogenic environmental (climate, land use) and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Toxicon: X |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171021000059 |
| _version_ | 1818911769696927744 |
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| author | Gerardo Martín Carlos Yáñez-Arenas Rodrigo Rangel-Camacho Kris A. Murray Eyal Goldstein Takuya Iwamura Xavier Chiappa-Carrara |
| author_facet | Gerardo Martín Carlos Yáñez-Arenas Rodrigo Rangel-Camacho Kris A. Murray Eyal Goldstein Takuya Iwamura Xavier Chiappa-Carrara |
| author_sort | Gerardo Martín |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Snakebite envenoming is a set of intoxication diseases that disproportionately affect people of poor socioeconomic backgrounds in tropical countries. As it is highly dependent on the environment its burden is expected to shift spatially with global anthropogenic environmental (climate, land use) and demographic change. The mechanisms underlying the changes to snakebite epidemiology are related to factors of snakes and humans. The distribution and abundance of snakes are expected to change with global warming via their thermal tolerance, while rainfall may affect the timing of key activities like feeding and reproduction. Human population growth is the primary cause of land-use change, which may impact snakes at smaller spatial scales than climate via habitat and biodiversity loss (e.g. prey availability). Human populations, on the other hand, could experience novel patterns and morbidity of snakebite envenoming, both as a result of snake responses to environmental change and due to the development of agricultural adaptations to climate change, socioeconomic and cultural changes, development and availability of better antivenoms, personal protective equipment, and mechanization of agriculture that mediate risk of encounters with snakes and their outcomes. The likely global effects of environmental and demographic change are thus context-dependent and could encompass both increasing and or snakebite burden (incidence, number of cases or morbidity), exposing new populations to snakes in temperate areas due to “tropicalization”, or by land use change-induced snake biodiversity loss, respectively. Tackling global change requires drastic measures to ensure large-scale ecosystem functionality. However, as ecosystems represent the main source of venomous snakes their conservation should be accompanied by comprehensive public health campaigns. The challenges associated with the joint efforts of biodiversity conservation and public health professionals should be considered in the global sustainability agenda in a wider context that applies to neglected tropical and zoonotic and emerging diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:03:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3bb05116bd03470ea9d83453ab851c24 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1710 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:03:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicon: X |
| spelling | doaj.art-3bb05116bd03470ea9d83453ab851c242022-12-21T20:02:26ZengElsevierToxicon: X2590-17102021-07-019100069Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet pointsGerardo Martín0Carlos Yáñez-Arenas1Rodrigo Rangel-Camacho2Kris A. Murray3Eyal Goldstein4Takuya Iwamura5Xavier Chiappa-Carrara6Departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, MexicoLaboratorio de Ecología Geográfica, Unidad de Conservación de La Biodiversidad, UMDI-Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sierra Papacal, Yucatán, 97302, Mexico; Corresponding author.Laboratorio de Ecología Geográfica, Unidad de Conservación de La Biodiversidad, UMDI-Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sierra Papacal, Yucatán, 97302, MexicoMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Unit the Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, GambiaSchool of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, IsraelDeparment of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA 97330Departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, MexicoSnakebite envenoming is a set of intoxication diseases that disproportionately affect people of poor socioeconomic backgrounds in tropical countries. As it is highly dependent on the environment its burden is expected to shift spatially with global anthropogenic environmental (climate, land use) and demographic change. The mechanisms underlying the changes to snakebite epidemiology are related to factors of snakes and humans. The distribution and abundance of snakes are expected to change with global warming via their thermal tolerance, while rainfall may affect the timing of key activities like feeding and reproduction. Human population growth is the primary cause of land-use change, which may impact snakes at smaller spatial scales than climate via habitat and biodiversity loss (e.g. prey availability). Human populations, on the other hand, could experience novel patterns and morbidity of snakebite envenoming, both as a result of snake responses to environmental change and due to the development of agricultural adaptations to climate change, socioeconomic and cultural changes, development and availability of better antivenoms, personal protective equipment, and mechanization of agriculture that mediate risk of encounters with snakes and their outcomes. The likely global effects of environmental and demographic change are thus context-dependent and could encompass both increasing and or snakebite burden (incidence, number of cases or morbidity), exposing new populations to snakes in temperate areas due to “tropicalization”, or by land use change-induced snake biodiversity loss, respectively. Tackling global change requires drastic measures to ensure large-scale ecosystem functionality. However, as ecosystems represent the main source of venomous snakes their conservation should be accompanied by comprehensive public health campaigns. The challenges associated with the joint efforts of biodiversity conservation and public health professionals should be considered in the global sustainability agenda in a wider context that applies to neglected tropical and zoonotic and emerging diseases.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171021000059SnakebiteGlobal changeSustainability agendaSnake ecologyClimate changeLand use change |
| spellingShingle | Gerardo Martín Carlos Yáñez-Arenas Rodrigo Rangel-Camacho Kris A. Murray Eyal Goldstein Takuya Iwamura Xavier Chiappa-Carrara Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points Toxicon: X Snakebite Global change Sustainability agenda Snake ecology Climate change Land use change |
| title | Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points |
| title_full | Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points |
| title_fullStr | Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points |
| title_short | Implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebiteBullet points |
| title_sort | implications of global environmental change for the burden of snakebitebullet points |
| topic | Snakebite Global change Sustainability agenda Snake ecology Climate change Land use change |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171021000059 |
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