Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice
The simultaneous exposure to a high-fat (HF) diet and to bisphenol A (BPA) from delivered foods and food-delivery containers is on the rise in humans, according to the increased frequency of food delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This co-exposure could cause harmful tissue toxicity in the human...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3777 |
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| author | Juhae Kim Na-Hyung Kim Isoo Youn Eun Kyoung Seo Choon Young Kim |
| author_facet | Juhae Kim Na-Hyung Kim Isoo Youn Eun Kyoung Seo Choon Young Kim |
| author_sort | Juhae Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The simultaneous exposure to a high-fat (HF) diet and to bisphenol A (BPA) from delivered foods and food-delivery containers is on the rise in humans, according to the increased frequency of food delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This co-exposure could cause harmful tissue toxicity in the human body. Here, the preventive effect of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge (AM) extract against dysfunction in adipose tissue and the liver under co-exposure to BPA and an HF diet was examined using mice. C57BL/6N mice were divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 6 or 7/group) according to diet and treatment: control diet with vehicle (CON), HF diet with vehicle (HF), HF diet with an oral injection of BPA (HF + BP), and HF diet with an oral injection of BPA and AM extract (HF + BP + AM). HF feeding increased body weight gain compared to CON feeding, while BP + HF and BP + HF + AM feeding suppressed body weight gain compared with HF feeding. The BP + HF group had lower body weight than the HF group, but the two groups had similar epididymal fat mass. The HF + BP + AM group showed lower pro-inflammatory gene expression levels in adipose tissue and epididymal fat mass compared to the HF + BP group. Altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in the liver was partly observed in the HF + BP group, as shown by increased total phosphorylated Jun N-terminal kinase protein levels compared to those in the HF group. In addition, ecdysterone 25-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 6-gingerol were identified in AM extract by mass spectrometry and molecular networking analysis. In summary, the AM extract diminished adipose tissue inflammation and hepatic ER stress in an HF diet and BPA co-exposure condition. To utilize AM as a potential food component to alleviate the harmful effect of an HF diet and BPA exposure, further research investigating the specific impact of AM extract supplementation using additional experimental groups or various treatment doses is warranted. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:15:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-3bbc6514029b4aa191fda69e61dfc62e2023-11-19T16:29:39ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-10-011220377710.3390/foods12203777Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N MiceJuhae Kim0Na-Hyung Kim1Isoo Youn2Eun Kyoung Seo3Choon Young Kim4Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaResearch Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of KoreaResearch Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of KoreaThe simultaneous exposure to a high-fat (HF) diet and to bisphenol A (BPA) from delivered foods and food-delivery containers is on the rise in humans, according to the increased frequency of food delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This co-exposure could cause harmful tissue toxicity in the human body. Here, the preventive effect of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge (AM) extract against dysfunction in adipose tissue and the liver under co-exposure to BPA and an HF diet was examined using mice. C57BL/6N mice were divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 6 or 7/group) according to diet and treatment: control diet with vehicle (CON), HF diet with vehicle (HF), HF diet with an oral injection of BPA (HF + BP), and HF diet with an oral injection of BPA and AM extract (HF + BP + AM). HF feeding increased body weight gain compared to CON feeding, while BP + HF and BP + HF + AM feeding suppressed body weight gain compared with HF feeding. The BP + HF group had lower body weight than the HF group, but the two groups had similar epididymal fat mass. The HF + BP + AM group showed lower pro-inflammatory gene expression levels in adipose tissue and epididymal fat mass compared to the HF + BP group. Altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in the liver was partly observed in the HF + BP group, as shown by increased total phosphorylated Jun N-terminal kinase protein levels compared to those in the HF group. In addition, ecdysterone 25-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 6-gingerol were identified in AM extract by mass spectrometry and molecular networking analysis. In summary, the AM extract diminished adipose tissue inflammation and hepatic ER stress in an HF diet and BPA co-exposure condition. To utilize AM as a potential food component to alleviate the harmful effect of an HF diet and BPA exposure, further research investigating the specific impact of AM extract supplementation using additional experimental groups or various treatment doses is warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3777Bisphenol Ahigh-fat diet<i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bungeadipose tissueinflammationliver |
| spellingShingle | Juhae Kim Na-Hyung Kim Isoo Youn Eun Kyoung Seo Choon Young Kim Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice Foods Bisphenol A high-fat diet <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge adipose tissue inflammation liver |
| title | Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge Extract on Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Bisphenol A-Treated C57BL/6N Mice |
| title_sort | effects of i allium macrostemon i bunge extract on adipose tissue inflammation and hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress in high fat diet fed and bisphenol a treated c57bl 6n mice |
| topic | Bisphenol A high-fat diet <i>Allium macrostemon</i> Bunge adipose tissue inflammation liver |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/20/3777 |
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