Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications
This study presents a green protocol for the fabrication of a multifunctional smart nanobiocomposite (NBC) (ZnO-PIACSB-TiO<sub>2</sub>) for secure antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. First, shrimp shells were upgraded to a polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base (PIACSB)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1110 |
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| author | Wesam Abd El-Fattah Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Jafar Alkabli Heba A. Ramadan Ali A. Shati Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Reda F. M. Elshaarawy Islam Kamal Moustafa M. Saleh |
| author_facet | Wesam Abd El-Fattah Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Jafar Alkabli Heba A. Ramadan Ali A. Shati Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Reda F. M. Elshaarawy Islam Kamal Moustafa M. Saleh |
| author_sort | Wesam Abd El-Fattah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents a green protocol for the fabrication of a multifunctional smart nanobiocomposite (NBC) (ZnO-PIACSB-TiO<sub>2</sub>) for secure antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. First, shrimp shells were upgraded to a polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base (PIACSB) through a series of physicochemical processes. After that, the PIACSB was used as an encapsulating and coating agent to manufacture a hybrid NBC in situ by co-encapsulating ZnONPs and TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs. The physicochemical and visual characteristics of the new NBC were investigated by spectral, microscopic, electrical, and thermal methods. The antimicrobial indices revealed that the newly synthesized, PIACSB-coated TiO<sub>2</sub>–ZnO nanocomposite is an exciting antibiotic due to its amazing antimicrobial activity (MIC/MBC→0.34/0.68 μg/mL, 0.20/0.40 μg/mL, and 0.15/0.30 μg/mL working against <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, respectively) and antifungal capabilities. Additionally, ZnO-PIACSB-TiO2 is a potential fighter of bacterial biofilms, with the results being superior to those of the positive control (Cipro), which worked against <i>S. aureus</i> (only 8.7% ± 1.9 biofilm growth), <i>E. coli</i> (only 1.4% ± 1.1 biofilm growth), and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (only 0.85% ± 1.3 biofilm growth). Meanwhile, the NBC exhibits excellent biocompatibility, as evidenced by its IC<sub>50</sub> values against both L929 and HSF (135 and 143 µg/mL), which are significantly higher than those of the MIC doses (0.24–24.85 µg/mL) that work against all tested microbes, as well as the uncoated nanocomposite (IC<sub>50</sub> = 19.36 ± 2.04 and 23.48 ± 1.56 µg/mL). These findings imply that the new PIACSB-coated nanocomposite film may offer promising multifunctional food packaging additives to address the customer demand for safe, eco-friendly food products with outstanding antimicrobial and antibiofilm capabilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:22:20Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3bc866dbffdd438db6fac517961bc9dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:22:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3bc866dbffdd438db6fac517961bc9dd2023-11-18T18:02:20ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-06-01127111010.3390/antibiotics12071110Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm ApplicationsWesam Abd El-Fattah0Mohammad Y. Alfaifi1Jafar Alkabli2Heba A. Ramadan3Ali A. Shati4Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi5Reda F. M. Elshaarawy6Islam Kamal7Moustafa M. Saleh8Chemistry Department, College of Science, IMSIU (Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University), P.O. Box 5701, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts—Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, EgyptBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43533, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, EgyptMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, EgyptThis study presents a green protocol for the fabrication of a multifunctional smart nanobiocomposite (NBC) (ZnO-PIACSB-TiO<sub>2</sub>) for secure antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. First, shrimp shells were upgraded to a polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base (PIACSB) through a series of physicochemical processes. After that, the PIACSB was used as an encapsulating and coating agent to manufacture a hybrid NBC in situ by co-encapsulating ZnONPs and TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs. The physicochemical and visual characteristics of the new NBC were investigated by spectral, microscopic, electrical, and thermal methods. The antimicrobial indices revealed that the newly synthesized, PIACSB-coated TiO<sub>2</sub>–ZnO nanocomposite is an exciting antibiotic due to its amazing antimicrobial activity (MIC/MBC→0.34/0.68 μg/mL, 0.20/0.40 μg/mL, and 0.15/0.30 μg/mL working against <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, respectively) and antifungal capabilities. Additionally, ZnO-PIACSB-TiO2 is a potential fighter of bacterial biofilms, with the results being superior to those of the positive control (Cipro), which worked against <i>S. aureus</i> (only 8.7% ± 1.9 biofilm growth), <i>E. coli</i> (only 1.4% ± 1.1 biofilm growth), and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (only 0.85% ± 1.3 biofilm growth). Meanwhile, the NBC exhibits excellent biocompatibility, as evidenced by its IC<sub>50</sub> values against both L929 and HSF (135 and 143 µg/mL), which are significantly higher than those of the MIC doses (0.24–24.85 µg/mL) that work against all tested microbes, as well as the uncoated nanocomposite (IC<sub>50</sub> = 19.36 ± 2.04 and 23.48 ± 1.56 µg/mL). These findings imply that the new PIACSB-coated nanocomposite film may offer promising multifunctional food packaging additives to address the customer demand for safe, eco-friendly food products with outstanding antimicrobial and antibiofilm capabilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1110polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base filmhybrid ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocompositeantimicrobialantibiofilmcytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Wesam Abd El-Fattah Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Jafar Alkabli Heba A. Ramadan Ali A. Shati Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Reda F. M. Elshaarawy Islam Kamal Moustafa M. Saleh Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications Antibiotics polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base film hybrid ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite antimicrobial antibiofilm cytotoxicity |
| title | Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications |
| title_full | Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications |
| title_fullStr | Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications |
| title_short | Immobilization of ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite into Polyimidazolium Amphiphilic Chitosan Film, Targeting Improving Its Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications |
| title_sort | immobilization of zno tio sub 2 sub nanocomposite into polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan film targeting improving its antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications |
| topic | polyimidazolium amphiphilic chitosan Schiff base film hybrid ZnO-TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite antimicrobial antibiofilm cytotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1110 |
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